Mental retardation

Parts of the brain most affected There are multiple facial abnormalities that occur with FAS, but brain abnormalities are also a huge aspect of this syndrome.9 Studies have shown that brain volume in patients with FAS is less than people with healthy brains. Another difference is in the parietal and ventral frontal lobes where the gray matter is denser and underdeveloped in babies with FAS. Also, the temporal, inferior parietal lobe, and right frontal lobe were thicker than a normal brain.9…

These tend to stick out in terms of physical appearance but cannot be the only determinant in diagnosing FAS. Other disorders may share similar features as FAS.3 Due to these three factors FAS is easier to recognize, but others which fall under FASD, such as ARND, may be more difficult because only limited neural problems may be present. Also, to accurately confirm conditions such as ARND requires knowledge that alcohol was consumed during pregnancy.9 To acquire this helpful information has…

Rett Syndrome Rett Syndrome is an uncommon neurodevelopmental disorder that is first discovered when a child is still an infant. This disorder is mostly found in girls, rarely is it ever found in boys. Rett Syndrome cannot be inherited from an early on ancestor, and statistically this syndrome affects one in every 10,000 to 20,000 children. Rett Syndrome has many side effects such as, teeth grinding and delayed development. Rett Syndrome is named after a physician and author who first discovered…

Introduction Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is due to fetal alcohol exposure, and is the most serious case of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders1. The embryonic development period between three and eight weeks are when the most birth defects occur, but pregnant women are advised not to consume alcohol during their entire pregnancy due to the adverse effects that alcohol can have on their child2. This paper will analyze the dangers of alcohol to a developing embryo or fetus, the manifestation…

Those who live with Down syndrome (Downs) have normal lives even if they may have a few characteristics that are different from those who do not. There are many types of Down syndrome, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and complications that characterize people who have Downs. But as shown, they are not as different to everyone else as some people may think, besides the extra 21st chromosome and a few other features. These can include physical characteristics, intellectual struggles, and a few…

Dibs, a six-year old boy with an I.Q. of 168, is lost in his own world with very little communication, playing or interacting with others. A child deemed mentally retarded by his well to-do parents are not sure how to deal with him. His parents are embarrassed of him and put the blame on him for their career and marital problems. Dibs was sent to an expensive private school and spent almost two years keeping to himself, not playing or talking to other children, being aggressive, and doing his…

Monica, drinking while pregnant is never okay. Drinking while pregnant can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) and other birth defects such as fetal alcohol syndrome. These side effects can contain physical problems, problems with behavior and learning disabilities. For example, the child can have Drinking while pregnant can cause a premature labor and the baby can have deformities and can possibly be addicted to alcohol. Even the smallest amounts of alcohol can travel to an…

syndrome causes growth problems and brain damage. The problems caused by fetal alcohol syndrome can vary from child to child, but defects caused by fetal alcohol syndrome are irreversible. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a number of birth defects such as, mental, behavioral and learning problems. It has not been proven how much alcohol consumed during pregnancy causes Fetal Alcohol Syndrome but it has but has been said no known amount of alcohol is safe to drink while you are pregnant. Fetal Alcohol…

In the article, “Far More U.S. Children Than Previously Thought May Have Fetal Alcohol Disorders” by Pam Belluck, she makes a casual claim by mentioning how a new study claims that mothers who drank alcohol during pregnancy caused neurological damage to their child (Belluck, 2018). Belluck is referring to a scientific journal article called, “Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in 4 US Communities” (Philip et al., 2018). The study design was an experimental cross sectional studying…

The first client information you are reviewing pertains to Maddie. Maddie has a diagnosis of Down syndrome (2pts). Based on your resources, this diagnosis is due to an extra chromosome on the 21st chromosome (short answer response here – 5 pts) which would be considered a pediatric genetic condition (2pts) disorder. This disorder is characterized by characteristic facial features such as slanted eyes, skinfold over nasal corners of eyes, flat nasal bridge, small mouth, protruding tongue,…