Mary Ainsworth

The two theories that can better explain this problem is John’s Bowlby attachment theory and Erik Erickson eight stages of development. The first theory explains how important attachment is between a newborn and their caregivers. The attachment theory talks about a child’s biological development and the attachment between a child and their primary caregivers. Bowlby believes that it is important that in order for a child to survive he or she must have a good bond and relationship with their…

Trust vs. Mistrust At zero to two years old, an infant resolves the feelings of uncertainty by looking towards their caregiver for stability and consistency of care. Infants who receives consistent, and reliable care will foster a sense of trust with them that they will bring forward to other relationships. By cultivating a sense of trust, the infant can develop hope. This sense of hope will allow to the infant to withstand new crises if it arises. Lacking the sense of hope will lead to the…

PARENTAL CARE IN FISHES Caring of young ones by the parent is known as the parental care. Infact, parental care is very important for survival. Parental care has evolved across the animal kingdom to increase the probability of offspring surviving in an environment fraught with danger. Parental care is common among mammals and birds.…

After a kitten is born during the first two weeks of his or her life is known as the neonatal period. Your kitten is learning to respond to sounds during this phase and they're eyes begin to open. It's important that kitten's aren't removed from their mother at this time otherwise it can cause aggressive behavior towards humans and other animals plus hinder a kitten's ability to develop important skills. Kitten's also begin to establish an understanding about hierarchy and good social skills…

The Definition of Custody and Guardianship The Arabic root of custody (hadāna) means “to hold in one’s arms, to embrace and to place on the lap and to take physical care of the child who is still unable to do so by itself.” Custody is the care and rearing of the children which is associated with divorce and, accordingly, covers many issues that ensuring the fulfillment of children’s needs in all areas at a certain age, by a person who has the right of custody. In traditional Islamic law,…

The idea of attachment was first addressed in psychology by Sigmund Freud, 1856-1939, who believed infants became attached to the person who provides oral satisfaction, which the babies require to survive. In the 1950’s Dollard and Miller also built upon this concept suggesting attachment is a set of learned behaviours, through opulent learning and reward. Humans are altricial, because unlike animals, they cannot walk from birth, and therefore must attach to a caregiver within the first six…

Attachment figure. An attachment figure is a person that a child seeks proximity with when upset or threatened. The attachment figure is someone that the child has deep emotional bond that connects the child to the attachment figure. The attachment figure is attentive to the child and responds sensitively and appropriately to the child’s needs and fears. A mother figure is usually who the behavior is directed. The attachment figure is vital to the emotional well-being and personality…

Emotion regulation is comprised of both internal and external influences on the modulation of emotional intensity and reactivity (Morris et al., 2007). Because humans come into the world almost completely dependent on caregivers for modulation of emotion, the external strand of regulation must precede development of internal self-regulation. Over time, through the external process of caregiving, infants internalize models of self-regulation – and if the caregiving received is sensitive and…

The attachment theory is heavily influenced by Bowlby’s observations within ethology. Ethology is defined as the study of human and animal behavior. The emphasis of his observation was on evolutionary and biological purposes of behavior. Through his observations he found that as a child ages, their attachment level deepens. If the attachment does not deepen as normal there are strong chances of negative implications as they reach adulthood, which can range from less serious to more serious.…

To begin to understand the attachment theory one must first understand and have a clear definition of what attachment is. From my point of view attachment is a lasting, secure and positive bond between a child and a caregiver, a reciprocal relationship. Attachment, as a behavioral system introduced by Bowlby (1969, 1973, 1979, 1980), is thus a set of behaviors (crying, smiling, clinging, moving, looking, etc.) that function together to achieve proximity to the primary caregiver. The…