Maternal deprivation

When considering whether maternal deprivation in infancy has long-term effects on social and emotional development, we have to first understand attachment is. Attachment can be defined as a “long-enduring, emotionally meaningful tie to a particular individual” (Gross and Rolls, pp!!!!!!, 2008). Bowlby – a key figure in the study of attachment – strongly believed that attachment behaviours provide the evolutionary advantage of protection. He hypothesised that we developed a gene to code for attachment, this gene, he speculated, turns on at the start of the crawling phase and subsequently switches off at approximately 3.5 years old – He called this time frame a critical period. This critical period was pivotal to Bowlbys ' theory, he thought that if an attachment was broken or not…

Maternal deprivation has been used to describe a whole range of situations in which the infant is deprived of his relationship with his mother. The world health organisation stated that the use of day nurseries inevitably caused permanent damage to the emotional health of a future generation. When mothers go to back to work for children under three or even five years it puts the children at risk. Back in 1951 everything was different and the circumstances these children were raised in was…

Critically evaluate evidence that maternal deprivation in infancy has long-term effects on human social and emotional development in an essay of 1,000 words. When considering the question, of whether maternal deprivation in infancy has long-term effects on human social and emotional development, we have to first understand what social and emotional development is, and the psychological approaches which study these aspects. Psychosocial psychology, studies how a persons thoughts, emotions and…

on “Maternal Deprivation reassessed” critiquing Bowlby and the development in neuroscience. Attachment theory can be defined as a “lasting psychological connectedness between human beings” (Bowlby 1969, p. 194). John Bowlby, “a British psychoanalyst’ work attempted to understand the…

John Bowlby was a psychologist who was influenced by Sigmund Freud and developed the Attachment theory. Bowlby believed in monotropy and stated that children should only have one caregiver which is usually the mother. He further explained that forming multiple attachments for a child or not having an attachment with their mother would lead to long term behavioural problems in later life. (simplypsychology.org). Similarly, he stated that an attachment must occur within the first 3 years of a…

It was an extremely powerful prototype/archetype in the person 's personality—many complexes and disorders could develop out of the prototype if the prototype were damaged or removed. If this relationship was broken or absent, there would be severe consequences for the psyche of the child including possible psychopathic tendencies. Bowlby 's belief in the fundamental effect of an absent mother attachment caused him to develop the “Maternal Deprivation Hypothesis” in 1952. The underlying…

Attachment Theory. Attachment Theory is based on the findings and observation of John Bowlby. He studied a child’s bond with his or her caregiver and reactions of separation. The theory emphasizes the importance of these interactions. (Zastrow, C., & Kirst-Ashman, K, 2013) Mary Ainsworth, expanded on Bowlby’s theory by testing his ideas. She developed the Strange Situation a demonstrated episode of mother and child and his or her interactions with a stranger. The mother interacts with the…

is an important attachment figure and how there is a sensitive period of time to attach to the primary caregiver. He believed children have an innate drive to become attached because it has long term benefits, this innate drive ensures that infants stay close to the caregiver for food and protection. He believed there is a sensitive period for attachments to form, this was before the child turned 2 and a half years of age. The attachment is very important as this provides a secure base were a…

areas at a certain age, by a person who has the right of custody. In traditional Islamic law, the woman is traditionally charged with child rearing and the physical care of the child during early to mid-childhood. Distinct from this is guardianship (wilāya) that refers to notions of authority and decision-making related to the child, assigned only to men. The guardian has the right to exercise authority over both the person and the property of the ward. Under traditional Muslim laws, from…

The idea of attachment was first addressed in psychology by Sigmund Freud, 1856-1939, who believed infants became attached to the person who provides oral satisfaction, which the babies require to survive. In the 1950’s Dollard and Miller also built upon this concept suggesting attachment is a set of learned behaviours, through opulent learning and reward. Humans are altricial, because unlike animals, they cannot walk from birth, and therefore must attach to a caregiver within the first six…