The Raman spectra fragments of the sample between 400 and 1400 cm-1 are plotted in Fig. 1. The Raman spectra of mold fluxes display two main regions: one between 600 and 700 cm-1 corresponding to Si–O–Si bending vibrations within inter-tetrahedral linkages and the other between 800 and 1200 cm-1 associated with Si–O stretching vibrations of mainly depolymerized silicate species. Moreover, the Raman peak at ∼550 cm-1 in sample 3 is related to the transverse motion of the bridging oxygen within…
A few weeks later, I had written my book. I had some more mysteries that confused me. 1. Why are people’s marriages so weird? 3. Why was it so difficult to train Sandy? 5. Why did everyone get mad when I decided to practice Physics in the kitchen? I believe that the reason why mother didn’t love my father was because of his aggressive personality. When I didn’t listen to him, he easily lost his temper, but things have changed now. First, father asked mother if she could go out for dinner with…
Acid rain is any form of precipitation that has unusually high acidity (a pH level below 5.6) and caused by the transformation of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide into secondary pollutants. pH is is a scale used that measures the acidity of liquids and ranged from 0 to 14. The lower the number, the higher acidity, or the higher concentration of hydrogen ions. 0-5 is considered acidic and as you move up to 7, this indicates the substance is neutral. The higher numbers on the scale indicate…
We have one planet to live on. Have you ever thought of that? We only have this one giant rock, hurtling through the sky at speeds too fast for us to even comprehend; and we have nowhere else to go. Yet, we still take advantage of our home. We pollute it, mine mountains, clear-cut forests and think nothing of it. In everyday life people normally like to keep their home clean and tidy, they may buy insurance to help them buy a new one if something happens to their old one. Earth is our home, yet…
environmental effects. Primarily, acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the combustion of fossil fuels. However, even pure rainwater is slightly acidic (pH of 5.6-6.5) due to the reaction between H2O and dissolved CO2 which produces a weak carbonic acid, H2CO3. 1.2 Issue Acid rain is the result of water droplets in clouds absorbing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emitted from the surface of the earth as a result of both natural and man-made…
were chosen for this chapter was that they had distinct soil parameters in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), Fe oxide, Al oxide, pH which have been observed as important controllers for bioaccessibility of As, Cd and Pb reported in previous chapters. MGA soils contained a high amount of TOC (8.37 %), Fe oxide (12.49 g kg-1), Al oxide (12.6 g kg-1) whilst few TOC (1.48 %), Fe oxide (0.64 g kg-1) and…
prediction about the phenolphthalein turning the heated compound X into a pink liquid was supported, which means that it is not a base or an acid. The hypothesis was also backed up – compound X is a salt (calcium carbonate (CaCO3) =(heat)= calcium oxide (CaO) + carbon dioxide (CO2)). Additionally, the phenolphthalein did not change compound X’s color, so the prediction and the hypothesis were supported – compound X is a salt. Furthermore, the experiment with the litmus paper has the same…
In order to obtain that result through calculations, the water vapor pressure and the water height correction had to take place. After, the combined gas law had to be utilized and manipulated to find the volume and divide that volume by moles of magnesium. Being close to the theoretical value, 22.4L, it verifies that one mole of all gases occupy 22.4L in any container under standard temperature and pressure. This information could be valuable in many ways. For example, it proves Avogadro’s Law…
A. Heating Magnesium: This station consisted of magnesium, a slim, flexible, silver metal and a Bunsen burner. We used crucible tongs to hold the magnesium over the Bunsen burner until it began to ignite. When it first ignited, sparks were seen and the flame emitted a bright, white light. The flame spread across the magnesium and eventually turned it into a white, ashy substance. The combination of fire and magnesium caused a chemical change. This is evident as there were many signs of a…
course of the experiment, the results were not expected. At the beginning of the experiment all reagents produced satisfactory results, the reactant 2-bromopropane was determined to be the limiting reagent for the Grignard formation and the Isopropyl Magnesium Bromide was correctly formed. However, random errors occurred at the nucleophilic addition step. At this period, it was observed there was not condensation happening inside the reflux condenser while the mixture was being heating, and as a…