International style

Question 4 The term “international style” was first used by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock, at the “Modern Architecture: International Exhibition” in 1932 at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. The term was used to define an emerging style of architecture which emerged in the 1920s, and was characterised by radically simplified geometry and free from all constraints of tradition, Tietz (1999). After the First World War, there was an urgent need to address the problem of homelessness. There was also an increasing drive to create a more relevant architecture that was fueled by social purpose, as opposed to the overly ornamented, irrational, and out dated architecture that reigned throughout the 19th century, Ching (2007). The works of Le Corbusier, Peit Mondrian, De Stijl movement in the Netherlands, and the Bauhaus in German, contructivists in the Soviet union, pioneered the creation of an authentic, simple style of architecture that empasised; interpenetrating volumes, standardised elements, and renunciation of ornamentation Kostof (1999). The result was a new style of architecture identified by its; ribbon windows, simple ¬¬colors and geometry, screen walls, flat roofs, and nonstructural partition walls Tietz (1999). Some of the first buildings to mark the age of the…

Deconstructivism, on other hand, crunch these concepts of language and affects it in a bigger range. Being aware about the cultural and historic environment where their buildings are constructed, the Post-modern architects search some traditional “vocabularies” that can contextualize and preserve the identity of a specific edifice. Applying some hue of a regional aspect, the edifice can be understand easier by whom will use it. Therefore, contradicting the Modernism, that have a supposed…

My aim is to come up with a design that meets the brief as well as satisfies both artistic and practical aspects. Design a 1 bedroom eco-lodge. The cliens are a young couple who are environmentally consious and artistic. The area is a rectangular shaped block of 12m x 6m. The design needs to reflect the designs of either a well-known architect or era of architecture. The American Radiator Building (also known as The American Standard Building) was built in Manhattan, New York City in 1924.…

Wellington I have chosen the (Old) Telecom Building in Wellington as my study of Wellington buildings. The reason why I have made this selection is because of my curiosity. The way this building appeals to me and attracts me in is its strange green façade exterior, hooked my eyes every time I walk pass Manners Street. The Telecom Building is located at 13 – 27 Manners Street, Te Aro, Wellington. After a quick online search, it was very easy to find out that the building was designed by…

This era had an international movement that shaped various types of art, not just writing. Often times romantics were drawn to the concepts of nature, the supernatural, or mysterious (Furst). Shelley shows this writing style by incorporating into the novel letters and journals. Frankenstein begins with four letters that set the scene for the rest of the piece. Walton, the writer of these letters, initially is the first to express his ambition for knowledge through his letters to his sister. In…

effect or laying emphasis on a given point discussed when there are no expectations of real answers. The rhetorical questions may have obvious answers, but the questioners ask these questions to lay emphasis on given points. From the monologue, Malvolio asks, ‘do you come near me now?’ This question is rhetorical because Malvolio does not expect an answer. Nevertheless, this question is intended to create an emphasis or a questionable atmosphere on the questioned. Rhetorical questions are…

According to Poe, a story achieves its unity by enforcing a single emotional effect on the reader. In the Tell Tale Heart, Poe achieves the single effect of terror on the reader by his use of all the story’s components. In the short story, an unknown narrator with credence that he is not suffering from insanity, in view of the fact of how carefully he plans a murder, deteriorates from the thought of the “vulture” eye of an innocent old man. The narrator’s pathological time stretch of observing…

Social constraints and prejudice placed on people by society had and still have substantial effects. This allows ignorant people to develop preconceived notions and judgments of individuals based on what society have deemed them to be. The struggle for equality can push people to break away from barriers; however, many tend to stick within the framework that society has constructed for them due to the constraints that they place on themselves. Both Jonathan Swift’s “A Modest Proposal” and…

Sandra Cisneros, an author who is deeply inspired by her Mexican American heritage. This inspiration is clearly shown throughout each and every one of her writing pieces, such as “Salvador Late or Early”, as well as “Eleven”. Both short-stories focus on adolescents with a mature mindset and adult precision, and each story does a marvelous job portraying Cisneros constant writing style. “Salvador Late or Early” is focusing on a young boy, Salvador, with heavy burdens to carry on his shoulders,…

Angela Carter wrote ‘The Bloody Chamber’ in 1979 it was set in the early 20th century in France, Carter showed the difference between the past and present. In the past women were oppressed and did not have any freedom, but in the present women are being treated more equally. I chose this source as it was a dark twisted story describing the role of a woman in a household and how they were actually treated behind doors. Using the short story source I changed the genre to a dramatic monologue. The…