Gender studies

Historians using gender as a categorical tool of historical analysis have won prizes from Organization of American Historians and American Historical Association such as Joan Scott and Kathleen Brown. In 1986, Joan Wallach Scott published her groundbreaking article, Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis.” In this article, Scott asserts that gender had not been previously used a conceptual framework like race and class and should be used by historians to examine their subjects. Scott’s…

emphasised and privileged over other forms of masculinity. Through combining studies of hegemonic masculinity and the representation of masculinity in films, advertising and magazines I will present a discussion on how the media usually conforms to and thus uphold the hegemonic view of masculinity, but also how it can challenge it. The majority of studies tend to focus on the United States or Europe, with a few other case studies on less prominent countries which examine the national hegemonic…

on Gender Polarization, Parenting, and Internalized Sexism in Gender Polarization Patterson, M. (2012). Self-perceived gender typicality, gender-typed attributes, and gender stereotype endorsement in elementary-school-aged children. Sex Roles, 67(7/8), 422-434. doi: 10.1007/s11199-012-0184-9 Patterson (2012) explores children’s self-perception of normal gender behavior and how that manifests in interactions with others. Many studies of children have shown that low self-perceived gender…

Nightingale (2006) critical analysis was to recognize gender-environment nexus from different point of views (feminists, political ecologists, essentialists, historical materialists etc) for innate knowledge to conceptualize about relationship between gender and environment. Her main argument was ‘gender’ is biologically constructed social, cultural and political phenomena defined by sex where women are more oppressed and marginalized by male hegemony but also dominated by class, race, color and…

differences that it has on men and women. The research “sought to explore the different patterns of participation based on gender, and second, to explore how the role of “mother” alters both the activities women become involved in and the reason for this” (p. 373). The quantitative aspect of this transformative paradigm…

Why Can’t Run Like a Girl Also Mean Win the Race? Gender categorizes humans and provides structure, however it allows for a perception of difference, allowing for the by-products of discrimination and oppression. In “Night to his Day”: The Social Construction of Gender”, Judith Lorber points out, “from society's point of view, however, one gender is usually the touch¬ stone, the normal, the dominant, and the other is different, deviant, and subordi¬nate, In Western society, "man" is A,…

attend bars. In this research study Edward and Elizabeth were trying to find out figure out what causes men to become sexual aggressors towards women at bars and college parties. The significance of the research study is to figure out whether sexual aggressiveness should be consider as a norm of masculinity as much as we consider it as a sexual assault. To many men sexually aggressiveness towards women is considering part of…

Patriarchy and Gender Inequality: A cross cultural analysis Patriarchy is a system where father (or another male member of the family) is the leader of the household and this leadership role is descended through the male line (Hunnicut, 2009; Tracy, 2007). According to Tracy (2007), patriarchy leads to many current societal problems as it inherently promotes gender inequality, with males dominating the social system and females not receiving equal status/rank.…

of progress to bridge the gender pay gap. He signed into law the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, which enabled victims that have been discriminated of pay to seek compensation where previously they have not been able to. He also pledged to track down acts against equal pay laws, and in doing so established the National Equal Pay Task Force. In 2014, he also signed an Executive Order to prevent workplace discrimination. The gender pay gap has…

Social construction theory is a theory that asserts that race, class, gender and sexuality are all socially constructed within structures of power and privilege to benefit one group over another. The theory also argues that gender identities, differences and inequalities are socially constructed , and as it relates to gender and women studies, sex is biological, while gender is a social construction. Due to the fact that gender is constructed within a structure of power to favour men and…