Deductive reasoning

Humans are generally rational in the actions and behaviour. Most of their actions is largely driven by planned behaviour divided into course of actions or steps. Nevertheless, accordingly to noted psychologists Donald Norman, cognitive or motor misinterpretations are possible at every stage of this process (1986). This cognitive failures, as they often called, can lead to situations that include action slips or absent-mindedness. This is something that affects everyone regardless of age.…

Analogy is greatly related to legal reasoning on many levels. The first being "The more relevant the similarities between primary and secondary analogues, the stronger the argument." (pg 527) As with legal reasoning, cases are based upon similarities. Let 's say Pole, a non-organic strawberry company, is being sued for claiming their product is "just as healthy as organic strawberries." Pole 's defense is that their strawberries look the same, smell the same and most importantly are the same…

Some would say that philosophy and the critical thinking that comes with it is as important to the mind and soul as food is to the body. This influence philosophy has on an individual has been argued as having various degrees by innumerable scholars. One such that makes the case for its relevance is Bertrand Russell, in his The Problems of Philosophy, most notably in “Chapter XV: The Value of Philosophy.” In his writings, Russell strongly illustrates the value philosophy holds and the importance…

Essay 3 Given what we know or can safely assume to be true of animal brains and behaviors, do animals actually exhibit thought and reason? The answer depends in large measure on one’s definition of thought and reason. Philosophers René Descartes and David Hume hold conflicting views about the nature and possession of thought and reason and, as a result, offer starkly different arguments for and against the existence of thought and reason in animals. While Descartes maintains in Part Five…

“From where in the human head did logic arise? Certainly from the illogical, whose domain must originally have been tremendous.” (Guignon/Pereboom, pp. 136). In the first sentences of Nietzsche’s aphorism “source of the logical” Nietzsche establishes his original style of writing as he introduces the topic of discussion. The commencement has a sort of elegance to it mainly due to the contradictory connotations implied. Nietzsche’s unique way of writing leaves plenty of room for personal…

arts education provided a wide variety of literature, philosophical viewpoints, and other cultural; options for the student to evaluate and critically analyze in higher education. Socrates defines the significance of critical thinking, logic, and reasoning as a basis for creating a “whole person” that make his or her own decisions related to self-identity through philosophical analysis. Socrates is arguing in favor of the process of philosophical examination, so that the individual can make…

Justice is an asset man people throughout history have wielded and cherished, but has it always been correctly understood. The question of ‘What is justice’ is one that causes people to challenge their beliefs and their knowledge. In The Republic, by Plato, Socrates questions many things, including the possible definition of justice. Another character named Thrasymachus joins the conversation to present a different view of justice from the one Socrates is contemplating. The main focus of these…

comprehensive, yet practical approach in formulating a rational solution. This brings us to another controversy regarding rational versus strategic reasoning, (Wit, & Meyer, 2010). Strategic reasoning aligns with logical thinking, therefore viewing a situation in a decisive, fact-oriented manner, (Wit, & Meyer, 2010). Through strategic reasoning, the strategy process is developed from copious amounts of data that is analyzed to isolate the problem, (Wit, & Meyer, 2010). Once identified all…

What is it about the current American system that is stagnating progress? It seems as if we have been politically stagnated for years. While Asia skyrockets in progress and technology, we seem to be moving backward. Our governmental process seems to be more about scandal then producing great policies that will move us forward in the world. As we view our once mighty industry, all we see is the rust belt and jobs that have moved off shore. Our cities seem to be stagnated by urban decay. Is this…

There are several errors in judgment that individuals make on a day to day basis. Everyone is guilty of making these errors regardless of their background, education, and life experiences. The common errors of judgment found in humans that I chose are Snap Judgment, Projection, and Sweeping Generalizations (Bethel University, 2013). Snap Judgment is a common error that I recognize or experience probably most often. An example would be the cop shootings on “innocent citizens”. The media and…