Cultivar

the non-frost days. Therefore, the plant flowers according to a photoperiod, in order to complete the growth cycle in the short period. In the lower altitudes, the plant reacting to photoperiods will make it less adaptable and result in lower yields. Researchers selected breeds from low altitudes (insensitive to photoperiod) and of high altitudes (flower early and give high yield) and bred same, these breeds with different day length responses give the ideal breed which will be insensitive to photoperiod, flower early and give high yields (Fix & Janick, 2007; Trethowan et al., 2007). Prior to the green revolution, wheat production in lower altitudes of the world was dominated by local tall and low producing cultivars. The new photoperiod insensitive, semi-dwarf cultivars are now been cultivated in most low altitude areas of the world (Fix & Janick, 2007). Phenology and productivity Due to the changes crops production increase significantly, more grains where to produce per spike, an increase in spike and increase in harvest index and a reduction in crop lodging. However, there was little change in spike number, above ground biomass and leaf area and leaf weight. It was also evident overtime seed size decreased (Trethowan et al., 2007). High yield varieties (HYV) cause a significant increase in production over a short period table 1. After the introduction, HYV was quickly cultivated in various parts of the world replacing the old varieties. Most notably was the small…

In order to evaluate the efficiency of RAPD-PCR fingerprinting for Cajanus cajan L. cultivar, the DNA templates for 7 RAPD primers banding modality were used. The total number of magnified fragments in the Cajanus cajan L. cultivar value of each primer was represented in Table 2. Total of 18 bands were obtained for all primers. The size of the amplified bands was ranged between 1000 bp and 300 bp. Primers OP-A5, OP-B4, OP-B9, OP-C5 and OP-E15 showed at least three specific fragments. Primer…

Twenty Korean barley cultivars (Geongang, Gwangan, Nackyoung, Dahyang, Daejin, Saegang, Boanchal, Keunal, Saessal, Saechalssal, Sujung, and Boanchalssal) were selected in this research. All the cultivars were developed by the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea and were grown during 2013 in the experimental fields of the NICS, Milyang, Gyeongnam. After harvesting, barley leaves were immediately washed with clean sterile water and then…

Results Effects of cultivar genotypic diversity on weeds In overall, the total density of weeds grown in genetically diversified wheat plots was significantly (P ≤ 0.01) lower than that in the monocultures (Figure 2). Weeds grown under monocultures of Shiroodi and ERWYT 91-11 showed the highest density, 33.33 and 30.17 plant m-2 respectively. However, the lowest weed density, 18.67 plant m-2, was observed where these two genetically diversified cultivar/line grew together in a mixture (Figure…

of grape berries, V.itis labrusca, cv. Bordô grown in Rio Grande do Sul (Serra Gaúcha). The origins of representative A. labruscus isolates are shown in Table 2. This new species was not found in the other Brazilian regions. Table 3 shows the frequency of A. labruscus on the samples from different vineyards of Rio Grande do Sul and the range of contamination. Serra Gaúcha has a distinct climatic condition for vineyards, with an annual average temperature of 17ºC, rainfall of 1700 mm and…

Carolina. The pathogen, Xanthomonas axonopodis has two pathovars known to cause Canker; one being citri, and the other being aurantifolii. These can affect all citrus cultivars and even some citrus relatives. This bacterium is not known to be harmful to humans or other animals. Xanthomonas axonopodis is classified as a gram negative Protobacteria. Because the bacterium are gram negative, they all have an outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a phospholipid inner membrane.They are…

2.4 Factors that Affect Colletotrichum sp. Infection and Growth Factors that affect Colletotrichum growth and infection include inoculum concentration, wetness duration, temperature, age of plant, resistant plant cultivar, pH, nutrient and light. 2.4.1 Inoculum density One of the main factors that facilitate Colletotrichum sp. infection and growth is inoculum density. Up till now, according to Diéguez-Uribeondo et al. (2011), disease severity increased exponentially with increasing…

These include downy mildew caused by the oomycete (Peronospora spp.) , Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus (INSV), greenhouse orthezia (Orthezia insignis), and sunscald. The symptoms of downy mildew can be as mild as stunted growth, but in severe cases irregular necrotic blotches on leaves develope and then leaf drop occurs. Signs of infection are carpets of grayish spores (Sporangia) on the undersides of leaves. Sporangia are released from sporangiophores when humidity levels are relatively lower.…

with economic importance and health benefits. Rosaceae is divided into 4 subfamilies with basic chromosome numbers of x = 7 (Rosoideae), 8 (Prunoideae) and 9 (Spiraeoideae), x = 17 (Maloideae). The taxonomy of the genus Prunus is controversial because of the polymorphism and wide ecological tolerance of the species, as well as the presence of numerous cultivars. Prunus is the largest genus within the subfamily Prunoideae, with 430 both wild and cultivated species (Selvaraj, 2014, Ali et al.,…

and ethanol. The property of antioxidant is increasing when concentration and amount of sample increased. Finally this study concluded that the fennel seed show s the excellent in vitro antioxidant property though it is best for the biological system, emulsion and health implication or dry food. This study dealt with the effect of organic and bio-organic fertilizers on dry weight. The experiments conducted to discover the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, vitamin C and…