Clostridium

coliform organisms are found without presence of faecal coliforms and E. coli, other indicator organisms can be used to confirm the presence of faecal contamination. The two most common indicators are faecal streptococci and the sulphite-reducing Clostridium perfringens (Bartram and Pedley, 1996).…

Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a rare disease caused by bacteria called as Clostridium tetani. The bacteria enter the body through cuts or puncture wounds and produce a specific toxin that affects the function of the nerves, leading to severe muscle spasms in the abdomen, stomach, neck and extremities. The name lockjaw comes from the fact that spasms in the face and neck lead to the inability to open the mouth. Tetanus is extremely dangerous and fatal in up to 30% of cases. [It’s important…

originally exposed to bacteria from the hospital, they contain a higher number of Clostridium difficile and have a delayed growth of other microflora compared to vaginally birthed infants. Whether infants were breastfed, formula-fed or a combination of the two, depending on the condition, they will have differing populations of streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, lactobacilli, enterobacteria, Bacteroides, Clostridium and…

A 51 year old Hispanic woman was readmitted for the fifth time, with nausea, vomiting, diffuse abdominal pain and diarrhea. During her initial presentation, she was diagnosed with Clostridium difficle colitis (C diff) and during the subsequent admissions, she remained positive for C diff and is currently on a vancomycin taper for treatment of recurrent C diff. Over the past several admissions, she was found to have bacteremia with organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Eubacterium lentum,…

Arnon, S. S., R. Schechter, T. V. Inglesby, D. A. Henderson, J. G. Bartlett, M. S. Ascher, E. Eit-zen, A. D. Fine, J. Hauer, M. Layton, S. Lillibridge, M. T. Osterholm, T. O. Toole, G. Parker, T. M. Perl, P. K. Russell, D. L. Swerdlow and K. Tonat (2001). Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. The Journal of the American Medical Association285: 1059-1070. Bhambhani, A. and C. V. Kumar (2006). Protein/DNA/inorganic materials: DNA binding to layered…

The Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) program is an initiative by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) that rewards acute-care hospitals with incentive payments for the quality of care they give to people with Medicare (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2015). CMS rewards acute care hospitals based on the quality of care they provide, on how closely best clinical practices are followed, and on how well they enhance the patients’ experience of care. The hospital VBP…

Introduction Clinical laboratories have relied historically on phenotypic methods (i.e. culture and biochemical tests) to identify microorganisms. This can be time consuming task especially with slow growing organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecular methods are now well established in the diagnosis of infectious disease. . (Harwood 2012). For the purpose of this essay I will give a brief overview of both traditional and molecular methods that re used today. I will focus on the pros…

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (formerly known as Fusobacterium prausnitzii), present in Clostridium cluster IV, is the most abundant bacterium in healthy gut microbiota representing more than 5% of bacterial population[40]. They are widely spread in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and some other species such as pigs, mice and calves and are functionally highly active organisms. F. prausnitzii is an extremely oxygen sensitive(EOS) bacterium and is difficult to cultivate even in anaerobic…

Throughout the world, childhood obesity is increasing. Childhood obesity is an important health concern because of the health risks linked to obesity and because children who are obese as a child are more likely to be obese when they are adults. When a child is born, the gut microbiota is usually sterile but over a period of time, it becomes unsterile. How the baby was delivered and how the baby is feed can have an effect on the gut microbiota. More and more children are becoming obese and are…

I t affects the deeper and outer layer of the skin. The causative organisms could be staphylococcus and streptococcus or methicillin –resistant staphylococcus area (MRSA) or could be as a result of other types of bacteria like pneumococcus or clostridium.(Medicinenet.com). Based on the given objective and subjective data, Ms. G. has a non-purulent cellulitis with the following cardinal signs and symptoms; pain, swelling, erythema and warmth. She has severe cellulitis which requires blood…