Chlorogenic acid

In this experiment, the goal was to figure out which solute would be the best at neutralizing stomach acid the quickest. As baking soda was added to stomach acid, then the time for neutralization was the quickest. From the data chart, baking soda had the largest average pH of 6.6. On the graph, it show how baking soda had the highest peak and how it was the closest to reach 7 than any other substance. The hypothesis is supported because baking soda was the antacid that was closest to…

The number of moles of hydrochloric acid neutralizes for the three trials (2,4,5) were calculated using stoichiometry. It was calculated for trial 2 by convert 4.88 mL NaOH to L by divide by 1000 mL. Then, to get to mol of NaOH the molarity of NaOH was multiplied by 0.00488. Then to get from NaOH to HCl, the mole ratio 2 HCl to 1 mol NaOH was multiplied by 0.00122. To get the amount of HCl per beaker, 100 mL of HCl was divided by 1000 mL to get 0.1 L. Then, the liters were converted to moles by…

For the following lab, the purpose is to utilize titration to determine the amount of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) present in a substance by reacting it with potassium bromate. An oxidation reaction takes place with ascorbic acid to produce dehydroascorbic acid, using an excess of bromine. The total amount of bromine utilized during the experiment is determined utilizing a back titration, in which the bromine is reacted with bromate. One mole of bromate produces three moles of bromine and the…

would be caused by the sources of error. Both trials resulted in the same concentration, so the precision of the lab was also high. DISCUSSION OF THEORY: A titration is used to find the unknown concentration of an acid or base. Based off of the Bronsted-Lowry definition, an acid…

Enough hydrogen peroxide should be administered in order to degradate the possible intermediates formed such as carboxylic acids and quinones. In order to determinate this, COD was measured. The presence of chlorine ions retarded the degradation of the intermediates while the sulfate ions had the same affectation as the reaction with pure phenol. In the case of 2-chlorophenol…

Determining the Rate of Photosynthesis and the Effect That pH Has on It Abstract - The purpose of this experiment was to determine what variables affect the rate of photosynthesis. The variable tested was the pH level of the “environment” and this was tested using leaf discs from a plant. By testing the leaf discs in different pH levels of two, four, six, eight, and ten, it was found that the rate of photosynthesis was at its highest in a pH of six. It was also found that the rate of…

increased and either became alkaline or less acidic. There were several questions and statements that were brought up in the introduction that were answered or extensively discussed. Firstly, ‘free amino acids’ and their effect on their pH was briefly discussed throughout this paper. A free amino acid is one is not connected…

Phenolphthalein is often used as an indicator in acid base reactions. The reaction used in this lab is: C_20 H_14 O_(4 (aq))+46 NaOH_((aq))→46 Na_( (aq))^++20 H_2 CO_(2 (aq))+10 H_2 O_((l)). Phenolphthalein and sodium hydroxide react to form carbonous acid, water, and Na+ ions. This reaction is a neutralization reaction, where phenolphthalein, a weak acid, reacts with a strong base, sodium hydroxide. When phenolphthalein is put into a basic solution, it turns pink. The phenolphthalein ion is…

lot of natural processes. Some plants take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it to nitrogen that they can actually use. By burning forests, grasslands, and fossil fuels this releases nitric oxide into the air. When it goes into the air it can become acid rain and photochemical smog. This is how it can get into the water, because the rain comes down and gets into the bodies of water ("Nitrates in Ecosystems and Drinking Water"). Nitrates in drinking water have become a large problem. It is highly…

Titration is used to determine the equivalence point of a reaction, or the point when the moles of acid are equal to the moles of base in a mixture. Titration is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by using an already known solution. This process is important because it is commonly in the medical field. For example, pharmacists use titration in the creation of drugs. In addition, doctors also titration when determining the concentration necessary to give their patients of…