Chemical element

change and a chemical change and how changes can either be endothermic or exothermic. Set-up: Each group of four students will need 1 canister filled with calcium chloride (CaCl2), 1 canister filled with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), 1 dropper of phenol red, a set of measuring spoons, a measuring cup, a portion cup, four pairs of goggles and four sandwich bags. Make sure there are paper towels and trash bags at the ready. Demo and discussion: To introduce the idea of physical versus chemical…

magnesium with different concentrations of Hydrochloric acid (HCl). • To investigate the effects of different surface areas of magnesium in its rate of reaction with hydrochloric acid (HCl). Introduction: The rate in which reactions occur between chemicals, such as Magnesium and Hydrochloric Acid, are effected by four main factors. These factors are temperature, concentration, the presence of a catalyst and the surface area of the reactants. These factors influence the rates of reaction by…

atomic radius will slowly decrease as you move across a period on the periodic table; this is caused by the addition of protons found in the nuclei of the elements. For every new proton being added, several electrons will also be included into this process by joining the identical energy level (ultimately accounting for one electron per element in said period). The electrons then attract the protons, whilst failing to shield from or repulse this attraction. Given the above information, the…

molecule, such as the attraction and repulsion of electrons to the protons in the nucleus. The external forces on a molecule, which are called the intermolecular forces, such as electronegativity, help to determine the boiling and melting points of each element. Each of these intermolecular forces differs in strength, but even the strongest one is weaker than the intramolecular forces on a molecule. These melting and boiling points can differ by massive amounts, sometimes going from high…

today are caused by pollution or contamination through inorganic compounds so it is imperative that scientists and researchers known how to physically and chemically identify these substances. The testing of inorganic substances to determine the chemical makeup is present in many different types of research. Monthon Thanutamoayong is a scientific researcher who focused on the identification of inorganic pollutants in drinking water through nanofiltration. Through this type of testing, the…

ELF for Ti 3 (Si x Al 1−x )C 2 on the (100) plane [32]. The ELF represents the sum of squares of the wave function, which corresponds to the number of electrons. ELF is suitable for the observation of electrons in real space, which corresponds to chemical bonding of each…

Oxidation occurs when an element loses electrons and reduction occurs when an element gains electrons. Oxidation and Reduction are processes that always work together, hence the term oxidation-reduction reaction or redox reaction. Oxidation is also the gain of oxygen and loss of hydrogen while reduction is the loss of oxygen and gain of hydrogen. Redox reactions occur in everyday life, it is a highly significant form of chemical reaction. Examples of real life redox reactions include: combustion…

1) Assign the Oxidation Numbers The Oxidation Number (ON) of an element is its charge. It is the number of electrons an element contains. This would be our basis on whether the element gained or lost electrons in chemical reactions. We can say that an element is in its Oxidation State when the element already has a specific ON. Unlike with our previous examples, not all equations would already reveal the ON of each element. In actuality, equations would only be presented as is and we will be…

1. Redox Catalyst Catalyst is defined as a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without changing its chemical composition and affecting the standard Gibbs free energy, by lowering the activation energy of a chemical reaction. It does so by providing an alternative reaction pathway. In redox reaction, the key chemical event is the net movement of electrons from one reactant to the other. The oxidation state of atoms are changed. Transition metal is used as redox catalyst due…

Economic aspect of the Chemical Weapon In order to obtain chemical weapons, each country needed to face the problem of finding the source of raw material available in their country, the manufacture of raw material and, the transportation and training of human forces that would be used in time of war. The economic aspects of the chemical weapon are extensive, but we confine it to the study of the acquisition of raw materials. The Allies and the acquisition of raw materials In the middle of June…