Chemical bond

adjust the concentration within the substance. It contains both a base and an acid in order for it to react with either added H+ or OH- ions. Take for example the following chemical equation: HCO3 + H+ → H2CO3. In this equation the buffer bicarbonate encounters H+ ions or an acidic substance containing these ions and bonds with them in order to form carbonic acid. This reduces the number of free acidic H+ ions and restores the pH to a more basic level. In the other case where a basicity of the…

radicals are molecules that have at least one unpaired electron. They are typically very reactive, due to their odd number of electrons. These molecules tend to try and gain or lose electrons so their highest energy levels can be filled. They will bond with other compounds in the body, sometimes combining with them, or even taking parts of intact molecules, resulting in even more free radicals (Walling). Free radicals can be formed by natural body processes, such as metabolism. They can…

Comparison of Organometallic Compounds of Transition Metals and Main Group Elements Organometallic Compounds: The compounds which contain at least one direct metal to carbon covalent bond are known as organometallic compounds many of these are thermodynamically unstable and are pyrophoric. The meta may belongs to main group, transition metal, f group metal or a metalloid i.e. selenium, boron, arsenic, silicon, antimony, germanium, and tellurium and the carbon moiety may be alkyl, alkene, alkyne,…

cycle, with weather influencing the way the water moves through the earth. Chapter 15 “The Ladder of Life” All living organisms follow the same ladder of life. . “ All living things are made of cells the chemical factories of life.” (Hazen & Trefil 252). But it goes even further than that, chemical Compounds, microscopic cells, cells to organs, to organ systems and then organisms. Even then organisms are categorized by kingdom ,phylom, class, order , family, genus, species. Everything living…

Hence, the more the number of alkyl group present with the double bond, more is the stability of the alkene. This happens due to the process of hyperconjugation. Example- Dehydrohalogenation of 2-Bromobutane When alkyl halides react with nucleophiles there is a continuous competition whether the elimination or substitution…

α-FePO4, its space group is P3121 and thus its lattice symmetry can be inferred to be also trigonal, just like α-Quartz. Similarly, β-FePO4 space group is P6422 and its lattice symmetry can be inferred to be hexagonal, just like β-Quartz. Although the chemical structures of quartz and FePO4 are different, with quartz having a formula of SiO2, they can actually be in the same structure and have the same space symmetry. Fe atom is trivalent, and P atom is pentavalent. This means that their total…

Macromolecules are large molecules that are composed of smaller units. The four major macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Carbon is the primary component of the four macromolecules. Carbon's molecular structure allows it to bond in many different ways and with many different elements. A Monomer is an atom or small molecule that may bind chemically to other monomers to form a Polymer Different monomers make up a polymer. Polymers combine to make a molecule, and…

to form an ionic bond. Not all atoms give up or receive electrons to complete its valence electrons when they form molecules. Atoms can share electrons to satisfy the octet rule. This is called a molecular bond. In a molecular bond, the shared electrons create a bond between atoms which is called a bonding pair. Paired atoms which are not shared are called lone pairs. Electronegativity is the likelihood of an atom to attract an electron pair to itself in a molecular bond. The atoms…

First all you need is a smooth surface with a thin layer of catalyst, which is a chemical that initiates the production of the nanotubes. Then a mix of gasses is needed filled with carbon atoms leads to a special furnace. When you place the smooth surface and catalyst into the furnace it heats up the carbon gas at around 1500° F. The…

Surface modification of CNTs with desired organic, inorganic compounds through covalent or non-covalent bonds represents an emerging area in the research on nanotube-based materials. Such modification can result in a significant enhancement of properties and open up a broad range of novel application perspectives. Non-covalent or covalent functionalization…