Bordetella pertussis

Chickenpox is a contagious infection that is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Everybody can be infected by the varicella-zoster virus but it effects younger children’s more. Chickenpox can last up to 15 days Symptoms: A itchy rash that causes blisters with fluid, and once the blister erupts it causes to develop a crust. Also fever, feeling tired, headache, and anorexia is common. Treatment: The body has to fight the virus on its own. For the symptoms special creams to prevent from itching,…

1. A 39 year old US postal worker notices an area of redness and swelling on his left lateral forearm. Six days later he notices that the rash, which is painless, now appears black and swollen. He becomes concerned and goes to the emergency department, where he is subsequently diagnosed with cutaneous anthrax. Which of the following mechanisms is most likely associated with the swelling that surrounds the black rash? A. SNARE protein cleavage B. Overactivation of adenylate cyclase by disabling…

Outbreaks of pertussis were first described in the 16th century, and the organism was first isolated in 1906. (Pertussis, 2015) Per the Pertussis page, “In the 20th century, pertussis was one of the most common childhood diseases and a major cause of childhood mortality in the United States. Before the availability of the pertussis vaccine in the 1940s, more than 200,000 cases of pertussis were reported annually. Since widespread use of the vaccine…

Pertussis Pathophysiology Pertussis is an extremely contagious respiratory infection that is usually referred to as “whooping cough”. This is a respiratory disease that is caused by the organism Bordetella pertussis this is a gram- negative bacteria that is transmitted only from human to human. Pertussis is transmitted through droplets up to 3 weeks after the cough has started if untreated. After it is inhaled the organism attaches itself to the ciliated respiratory epithelial cells that are in…

the affects of this disease is common cold, fever, runny nose, and mild cough. If this disease develops fast and dangerously it may even allow the person to cough so hard they vomit, in other words the more scientific name of this word is Bordetella Pertussis. This is also effective on dogs and other animals. It has three stages, Catarrh which is mucus that injures the membranes of the nose and mouth, paroxysmal is an outburst of emotion or action, convalescent which is recovering from that…

Gram positive: First, the bacteria sample is placed on a glass slide and heated only to the point of rendering it innocuous in terms of being infectious to the handler. Next, the bacteria sample is treated with a gentian violet-iodine solution for up to sixty seconds. The slide is then gently rinsed under clean water and the Gram solution is applied, which is a mixture of iodine and potassium iodide diluted in water. This step triggers a reaction to the gentian violet compound. Initially, the…

Vaccines-calling the shots “You don’t have to cough, you just have to breathe to get the disease because it is airborne and dangerous”. In US approximately 90 percent of parents vaccinate their children and follow recommended schedule which is 28 immunizations to protect against 14 different diseases in their first two years of life. 10 percent of parents either skip or delay some shots and 1 percent don’t vaccinate at all. The reason behind, not vaccinating or delaying or skipping is that…

neomycin acts on both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens including staphylococci, Proteus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonellae, shigallae, Haemophilus influenza, Pasteuerella, Neisseria meningitides, Vibro cholera, Bordetella pertussis, Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diptheriae, Streptococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Borrelia and Leptospira interrogans (L. icterohemorrhagicae). Despite having the combination…

City brings her 6-year-old child to see her primary care physician, complaining that her child has seemed “off” for the past month. The child has been extremely fatigued and taking multiple naps during the day that do not seem to refresh her. She is normally a good sleeper at night and recently has begun to have trouble with multiple awakenings. The child has also complained multiple times of frequent headaches throughout the week. She has also been seen to exhibit some confusion while playing…

macrophages and antigen presenting cells (APCs). A good example of primary innate immune defense is the mucus membrane, which eliminates bacterial adhesion by ciliary movement or mucus in the upper respiratory tract (Fedtke et al., 2004). Bordetella pertussis is a well-known example of the strategy that disables the clearance role of ciliary epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract. This bacterium releases tracheal cytotoxin, which impairs ciliary movement and leads to the colonization of…