Biogeography

Every specie in the earth is came from an ancestor. Their ancestor change over time to adapt to the environment, this theory knew as evolution. Scientist called it a theory not because it just a belief that can’t be prove, but they already found many piece of evidence to prove that this theory is actually true. The three trustworthy evidence for this theory is fossil evidence, homologies, and biogeography. Fossil evidence are the evidence that found in the fossil of a species. Scientist determine the age based on the level of the dust that they found the fossil, and how the structure closely relative to each other. Homologies is a study about a body part, its structure and function. Different species related to each other by the structure of their bones and how a body part work. This study also including the embryology which is the study about an unborn organism, how it start off with and change over the time. Lastly, biogeography is about how the environment impact an organism and how that organism change to adapt to the changing of the environment.…

Most fossils are found within layers of sedimentary rocks called strata. Deeper strata are usually older and therefore fossils from different time period can be compared. Analysis of fossils from different strata suggests that more complex, modern organisms evolved from simpler, more ancient organisms.Imprint fossils are one example of fossils that died and been buried and the sediments get preserved. Biogeography is the study of species distributions. It examines how species have been…

Biogeography It shows how the past and present geographical distribution of organisms played a role in their evolution.Also, how species are distributed in accordance to the genetic relationships they share with other organisms. Marsupials and Placental Mammals Marsupials animals are almost exclusively found in Australia, while Placental mammals are very rare there. There are fossils of marsupials in North America, and South America. 30 million years ago South America and Australia…

Raven et al. (2014) defines biogeography as a study of the geographic distribution of species, and ties tougher how the species are related or not related and natural selection. Moseley et al. (2014) define biogeography as the study of patters that may form in the biotic environment and we can use the scientific process and information gathered from the past and present to study the distributions of plants and animals. Moseley et al. (2014) are the only authors that go into details about why we…

This model is used to describe the degree of species richness, or the number of different species in an area, at equilibrium that can be expected on two land masses based on their size and distance apart. In this case, since the nature preserve will be separated by the road into two separate “islands” and therefore close together, it is expected that some species, potentially non-native species, will occupy both areas at equilibrium. The Island Biogeography Theory can also be used to predict…

The devastation of both coral reefs and kelp forests can vary in strength depending on their biogeography. After the initial acute event that wipes out either the reef or the forest occurs, it is usually the water quality or fish population that determines whether they can recover. Both these processes’ strength depends on where they occur, and the biogeography of the area they are in. Coral reefs that are not located by a ravine run off do not have the issue of sewage, or fertilizer run offs.…

Due to the wide variety of plants and animals throughout the world, and their similarities and differences is what proves evolution, according to Chapter 4: The Geography of Life, the biogeography can only be explained by evolution of all the, “diversity of life on continents and islands,” (Coyne, 2009, p. 109). Even though, this idea of evolution is different than previous chapters; must be remembered, that Jerry Coyne is explaining the whole theory, so they are all connected and part of the…

of all soil parameters measured, pH most reliably predicted both bacterial community diversity and richness. Distinct bacterial communities were found to be associated with pHs across the range discovered; clusters of similar communities were found at separate sites with arid soils, acidic soils, temperate rainforests, and so on. These results were surprising, as they reinforced Becking’s notion of a global bacterial population selected for by environment, demonstrated by the environmental…

that growth, was interesting. Cynoes’ idea that imperfect design is the mark of evolution rather than the idea of perfect design was thought provoking. His supporting evidence behind his theory, his graphic description behind the gaps between the human ovary and the fallopian tube or how the male urethras poor design was explained in extensive detail. Another impressive instance of Coynes’ ability to provide supporting evidence for his imperfect design idea is the abnormal course of the left…

In this chapter, Coyne’s argument for evolution is premised on evidence from biogeography. This argument is based on the fact that the same species of organisms often have certain attributes that can be linked directly to their geographical locations. Coyne cites several examples to support this position including the migration of birds like the finch, marsupials and the endemic species of organisms which are only found in oceanic islands, for example the Juan Fernández islands and others…