Anthropogenic

been very limited research conducted on the cyanotoxins and cyanobacteria produced bioactive compounds. The important research areas are- (a) Modeling tools for predicting and preventing harmful algae blooms, which include all environmental and anthropogenic factors to predict and prevent algae blooms, (b) Mitigation and control strategies for algae bloom after identifying chemical, physical control processes, mitigation processes and economic feasibility, (c) HAB toxin is an emerging research…

change is getting more and more overwhelming over the past few decades. The favorers of anthropogenic climate change claim that it is the direct result of human activities that cause climate change, appealing that the whole world should adopt measures immediately to prevent dire climate change, whereas the opponents strongly dispute that human activities are not primarily responsible for climate change. Is anthropogenic influence really the beginning of climate change? In this essay, the debates…

Reef decline in Australia has been affected by natural and human faults. The natural effects of the decline are; water temperature changes, movements of the Earth’s crust (tectonic plates) and the new spreads of coral disease (1). As well as the anthropogenic stress, spotted on marine debris pollution, radiation and overpopulation (4). To understand the causes of species, decline better in the Great Barrier Reef, this research will be a case study method analysis from different scientist…

Caroline Williams’ article, Golden Opportunity, the author explores the affect the extinction species has on the habitat. In Jennifer Dunne’s journal ,Cascading extinctions and community collapse in model food webs, the author writes about the anthropogenic causes of species extinction and how that can lead to the endangerment and extinction of a secondary specie by taking a look at food webs in the…

Changes in atmospheric C02 and Ocean Ph. Angus Todd s1644043 Introduction One of the most important ecological issues facing mankind today is the effects of anthropogenic global warming. As humankind continues to burn hydrocarbons and release greenhouse gases through industry, it is important to understand what effects this can have on global systems. This report considers the effects of atmospheric CO2 on ocean Ph. Ocean Ph is an important ecological factor in the oceans as any change to the Ph…

Lynas’ text argues for intentional geoengineering of the climate, which is defined as the premeditated large-scale interference in global natural systems to counter anthropogenic climate change (Oxford Geoengineering Programme, 2017). Through analysis of the text, two separate arguments can be isolated. One line of argument uses evidence of our own “unintelligent” impact on the environment as justification for intelligent geoengineering. The more specific example is his use of evidence that…

depositing it back to the surface. Additionally, volcanic activity is responsible for an insignificant amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere when compared to the amount of anthropogenic emissions. According to the IPCC AR5 (2013), since 1750, volcanic carbon dioxide emissions have been at least 100 times smaller than anthropogenic emissions (Myhre et al. ch. 8, p. 62). Solar forcing refers to changes in the amount of radiation that reaches the earth’s surface. Sunspot cycles cause changes…

Global Warming The climate system of Earth responds to changes in external factors that are able to push the climate towards warming or cooling. These factors include changes in atmosphere composition (concentration of greenhouse gases), volcanic eruptions, and solar activity changes. All of these factors combined create current tendency of climate change that is described by the term “global warming”. Global warming is the continuous rise in average temperature of Earth's climate system.…

Disasters can happen at any point in time, and when they do they drastically affect those around the disaster. Disasters can happen by nature or anthropogenic; these disasters can lead to social unity and vulnerability. In the novel Tribe, Sebastian Junger examines an anthropogenic disaster that has affected millions, war. When people unite under extreme situations “class differences are temporarily erased, income disparities become irrelevant, race is overlooked, and individuals are assessed…

What is Ocean Acidification? Ocean acidification occurs when the chemical composition of ocean waters changes such as the temperature and pH. The pH of a substance defines how acidic, basic, or neutral it is on a scale from 1-14 by measuring the amount of hydrogen ions, where 7 is the neutral point. If the pH is below 7, the solution is acidic. If the solution is above 7, it is basic. In nature, the atmosphere is composed of about 0.05% of carbon dioxide. However, humans are rapidly using fossil…