Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Myasthenia gravis What is myasthenia gravis? Myasthenia gravis is a medical condition characterized by autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, resulting in muscle weakness. Patients often have involvement of their ocular (eye) and bulbar muscles. The bulbar muscles are located in the head and are important for chewing and swallowing. Symptoms often include double vision, eyelid drooping, slurred speech, and dysphagia (trouble swallowing) due to muscle…

Alzheimer’s is cellular disease that affects your neurons. The neurons are the cells in your brain, which forms a network of communication with other surrounding nerve cells. This helps transmit signals throughout the body. Alzheimer’s is a very serious and emotionally excruciating disease. While many diseases wound people physically, Alzheimer’s is a disease that takes away persons inner self. In other words, Alzheimer’s robs a person of their mentality, self-respect and free-choice.…

keen interest in the class of cholinergic agents. Thus, the natural products have been a constant source of new approaches for the treatment of AD, especially alkaloids. For example, galantamine (Galanthus woronowii), is a selective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, allosteric modulator of the central nicotinic receptor, inhibits βA aggregation and promotes hippocampal neurogenesis. Berberis (Berberis mahonia) is IChE, inhibits the formation and aggregation of βA and reduces…

Ronald Reagan was diagnosed with Alzheimer 's disease in 1994, which was after his presidential term. Alzheimer 's disease (AD) is an incurable and debilitating chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder which is the leading cause of dementia worldwide (Kazim and Iqbal, 2016). Many of Reagan’s speech characteristics changed and can be associated with the neurological structures such as the myelination of the neurons as well as specific genes and the thickness of the surrounding cells of the…

Acetylcholine has two types of receptors: muscarinic and nicotinic, these receptors are functionally and structurally different. Nicotinic receptors are ionotropic, meaning that ions flow through it when acetylcholine binds to it. It acts as a channel for the ions that cross it, especially sodium, and this causes the depolarization of the cell. There are two types of nicotinic receptors formed by different subunits, N1 are found in the neuromuscular junctions allowing muscle movement, and N2 is…

DISCUSSION Nelson et al, 2008, state “all enzymes that exhibit a hyperbolic dependence of V0 on [S] are said to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics”. The data gathered from this experiment and plotted in figure 6 shows that it is this pattern shown in the reaction of PNPP to PNP catalysed by acid phosphatase, where a hyperbolic curve is observed in the graph of rate of reaction against substrate concentration, approaching the Vmax asymptotically. Acid phosphatase behaved congruently to the…

Medical and Cognitive Approach to Treat DLB Patients Everyone in the present world must know that, there is no permanent cure for Dementia and its related brain disorders. The dementia with lewy bodies, patients may get wrong treatment due to lack of right clinical trials. When they are in above initial stage, a DLB patient may suffer from multiple Dementias. It is advisable to take the patient to a Neurologist for check up in the initial stage of any behavioral change or symptoms related to…

Alzheimer’s Disease is one of many forms of dementia, and is the most common form (Orimaye 1). What Alzheimer’s Disease does to a person is that they start to have progressive cognitive decline like losing memory and degeneration of reasoning ability (Cai 1). To be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease, a person has to go through extensive neurophysical examinations by using a lot of cognitive tests that have a series of questions and images. There is a maximum score of thirty for the test, and if…

Nonpharmacological intervention includes counselling the family on the course and prognosis of illness and pharmacological intervention include management with cholinesterase inhibitor and the NMDA antagonist – Donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine (Chisholm-Burns et al. 2013). Frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder (FTNCD) represents as a spectrum of neurocognitive diseases that compromise function of the frontal brain networks…

Dementia has been an issue well-known all around the world. It affects many parts of the world in aspects of economy, families, and the victim themselves. The official definition of dementia is, a chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning. Dementia can be caused by many things, head injuries, strokes, and brain infections. Anyone can get dementia, for example, a…