Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Parietal Lobe: The parietal lobe is vital for sensory perception and integration, including the management of taste, hearing, sight, touch, and smell. It is home to the primary sensory area, a region where the brain interprets input from other areas of the body. Because of the parietal lobe’s role in sensory integration, spatial reasoning, and language skills, damage to the parietal lobe can have a broad range of consequences. Occipital Lobe: The main functions of the occipital lobe are vision,…

Answer Choice “D” is the best answer choice. This patient has findings on axial diffusion-weighted MRI, which show high signal activity in the cortex of the temporal lobes and insula, much more marked on the right. This finding is consistent with a diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSVE). An MRI of the brain is the preferred imaging study in patients with suspected HSVE. Proton-density and T2 images may be more helpful than T1 images. An MRI can noninvasively establish many of the…

Cushing’s Disease Description Cushing’s Disease is an adrenal gland disease in which there is an excess of the steroid hormone, cortisol, within the body. With Cushing’s Disease the body releases too, much of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This disease is rare as it effects 10 to 15 people per million each year. Women and men both can be diagnosed with this disease, but women tend to be affected more than men. The disease can be fatal is not treated correctly and promptly. Etiology…

The prefrontal cortex is responsible for the capacity for representational memory, one part of the development of delayed response, and it depends on the maturation of the frontal cortex. Trauma victims, particularly children, usually have difficulty with those functions (van der Kolk, 2003). Excessive subcortical activation with decreased cortical inhibition combines to leave vulnerability in regards to the nature of incoming information. As children must develop ‘object permanence’ to modulate…

Neonatal Developing brain parcellated atlases Gilmore et. al. parcellated the brain of 74 neonates using anatomical expertise into 38 ROIs for the purpose of studying the gray matter growth and the asymmetry in the neonatal brain (131). In this study, the individual parcellation maps are used for comparison between individual brains. Gousias et. al designed a delineation protocol to manually parcellate the brains of 20 preterm and term neonates into 50 ROIs (132) based on macro-anatomical…

common endocrine disorder is known as adrenal insufficiency. This is where the adrenal gland releases too little of cortisol or aldosterone. Addison’s disease is a type of adrenal insufficiency. Symptoms likely include fatigue, upset stomach, dehydration, and skin changes. Cushing’s Disease is another endocrine issue. It is caused by an overactive adrenal gland. Some symptoms include obesity and increased thirst. It is common in children who take corticosteroids. Hyperthyroidism is another…

The suggestion of emotional perception having a mutual relationship implies that the ventral system is significant in the recognition of emotion of environmental stimuli and their states, while the dorsal system assimilate with the emotional influence and their performance of executive functions. (Ceylan & Saym, 2012) The resulting emotional response from the limbic region transmits to the thalamus by which it defines the incoming information through the sense organs. According to Ceylan and…

Complications of Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy complications are attributed to the neural impairments that characterize the condition. The impairment in the oral-motor function in cerebral palsy can result in difficulties in feeding due to impaired swallowing, coordination of the muscles in the mouth and oropharyngeal dysfunction can contribute to malnutrition in patients with cerebral palsy. Difficulties in controlling saliva, gastroesophageal reflux can result in aspiration, development of…

Introduction A significant part of one's life is dedicated to communicating with others or in understanding how to do so. An impairment in this ability has dire consequences on the quality of life. Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder caused by a non-progressive brain injury or malformation that occurs while the child’s brain is under development which primarily affects body movement and muscle coordination. There are also dire effects on communication skills which might add to the…

A Brief overview of Cerebral Palsy and how it can be classified Cerebral Palsy or CP, is a neurological disability that affects movement, coordination and posture. ‘Cerebral’ refers to the brain and ‘palsy’ refers to a lack of muscle control. CP is a permanent life-long condition caused by damage to the developing brain either during pregnancy, shortly after birth or during a child’s first year of life. CP can affect people in very different ways including their movement, muscle control,…