The prefrontal cortex is responsible for the capacity for representational memory, one part of the development of delayed response, and it depends on the maturation of the frontal cortex. Trauma victims, particularly children, usually have difficulty with those functions (van der Kolk, 2003). Excessive subcortical activation with decreased cortical inhibition combines to leave vulnerability in regards to the nature of incoming information. As children must develop ‘object permanence’ to modulate emotional expression through cognitive functions, there remains the fact that neural development and social interaction are inextricably intertwined. Mezzacappa et al conducted a study of the interaction between modulating autonomic arousal and frontal
