Ureter

the risk is generally high in men and is becoming more common in young women (Selvam, 2002). Urolithiasis is the deposition or formation of urinary calculi (Kidney stones, calculi, uroliths) in any part of the urinary system i.e the kidney, the ureters or the urinary bladder. Urinary calculi are an aggregation of solute materials from urine such as calcium, oxalate, phosphate and uric acid which forms stone (Singh SK., 2011). The size and nature of urinary calculi governs overall clinical…

typically at risk of UTI because they have shorter urethra and once you get a UTI, reoccurring infections can take place. In the patient’s case, she has had previous history of UTIs and the bacteria from the recurrent infection may have traveled up the ureters and infected the kidneys and this is shown in the patient, Doris, history of…

Renal Failure Name Institution History and symptoms - intrarenal acute renal failure Mr. Donovan’s condition is consistent to intrarenal acute renal failure. Due to his history with renal insufficiency and uncontrolled hypertension, it is more likely that he is suffering from intrarenal acute kidney injury. The patient has no history obstruction (postrenal) or with trauma (prerenal). Hypertension, as shown by the patient, is seen with an intrarenal acute renal failure while hypotension is…

The human body is composed of eleven major systems that all work together to hold a stable internal environment: homeostasis. Each system consists of different organs that all play important roles in maintaining homeostasis. The circulatory, respiratory and renal systems greatly affect each other in the keeping of the internal environment. Homeostasis is defined as the tendency of an organism or a cell to regulate its internal conditions, usually by a system of feedback controls, so as to…

Body Planes, Regions, Cavities, and Directional Terms The fundamentals of learning the body in the medical field are body planes, regions, cavities, and directional terms. First up are the body planes, which the definition of a body plane is simply a two-dimensional surface. The dimensions of the body plane are both of length and of width and the body planes are used to describe the different locations that are located in the body or are just used for the point of location. There are three…

Task 1 Homeostasis is the ability of the body to maintain a constant internal environment within narrow limits. The word homeo means it is unchanging and stasis means it is staying still; it has three main elements that are a sense organ to detect change, a control centre that is usually from the brain or spinal cord and a responding organ to effect a change in conditions. The factors that homeostasis controls in our body are our body temperatures, water content, carbon dioxide levels and our…

year in the United States due to the fact that tobacco contains toxic and chemicals that are harmful to both smokers and nonsmokers. Smoking can cause cancer almost anywhere in the body no organ can survive, for example stomach, liver, kidney and ureter which is not the end of the line yet. Smoking affects the health of the teeth and gums and can cause tooth loss. It also damages blood vessels and made them thicken and grow narrower, which made the heart beat faster and blood pressure go up. The…

internal jugular veins as well. As the external jugular veins descend through the lateral neck, they pass obliquely over the sternocleidomastoid muscles and then empty into the subclavian veins. The brachiocephalic vein a vein that returns oxygen-depleted blood from the upper limbs, neck, and head to the heart. There is a brachiocephalic vein on the left side of the neck and one on the right. The two brachiocephalic veins merge together with the azygos vein, which carries deoxygenated blood from…

A little over a decade has passed and vaporizing is already competing with traditional smoking, which has been in this world for many centuries. Smoking is inhaling and exhaling the fumes from burning tobacco in cigarettes and other products that use tobacco. Vaporizing, also commonly known as “vaping”, is inhaling and exhaling a liquid that is heated, that then emits the flavored vapor. Over the years, smoking cigarettes has become a “bad habit”, causing health problems that are short term and…

Juvenile gout is not a frequently heard diagnosis but it does exist and many times it gets confused with other conditions. Gout in children comes as a result of inherited conditions over producing uric acid such as Lesch - Nyhan Syndrome (LNS) and PRS superactivity. Lesch – Nyhan syndrome is an x-linked recessive disease and it is caused by a deficiency of the HPRT enzyme, causing a build- up of uric acid in all body fluids resulting in hyperuricemia (high level of uric acid in the blood) and…