Transubstantiation

the two sacraments Protestants accepted. Some examples of the issues the Council of Trent dealt with included transubstantiation (which deals with the eucharist and what is actually happening to the bread and wine), saintly intercession (meaning you can pray to saints), the idea that purgatory exists, and holy relics (which refers to the bones of saints). On the subject of transubstantiation, the Council of Trent says, “Since Christ our Redeemer said that that which he offered under the…

Martin Luther remains as one of the most influential yet controversial individuals in history. His involvement in the Protestant Reformation changed the course of both Christian and European history for the better. Unlike those of his time, Luther was rather forward thinking, and was willing to challenge the church in order to accomplish what he believed was right. His actions and ideas led to a great deal of disagreement, yet ultimately brought into question unjust action being taken by the…

Henry VIII’s Act of Supremacy – Once King Henry VIII went forward with his marriage to Anne Boleyn and declared his previous marriage to Catherine of Aragon as annulled in spite of Pope Clement VII’s refusal to allow such an act, Henry VIII was excommunicated. The Act of Supremacy is Henry VIII’s response that was drafted a year after his excommunication in 1534. Parliament passed the act and thereby stated that the King of England is the “sovereign lord” over England and all in its domain,…

The Council of Trent shares many similarities with Calvin and his notion of justification, but the Council of Trent offers a slightly different interpretation. Calvin asserts that humans are justified by faith alone and that humans have no involvement in their salvation or damnation. Furthermore, Calvin denies the idea that freewill allows humans to choose right from wrong, and that this freewill contributes to human salvation. This assertion is challenged by the Council of Trent which states…

symbols. However, Ulrich Zwingli had a deep impact on the Protestant Reformation regarding his attitude toward transubstantiation. “[Zwingli] adopted what became the usual Protestant position. . . communion commemorated Christ’s last supper in a purely symbolic way. . . ” (332). Although the Zwingli Church dissolved when its leader was killed in battle, the refusal of transubstantiation eventually became an important part of the Protestant movement as a…

The reformation’s revolt against the Catholic Church’s theology, practices, and hierarchy climax in a disagreement with the sacramental system which was categorized by these things. Quarreling among reformation leaders was initiated through disagreement about the understanding of Sacraments especially the Lord’s Supper. The leading disagreement of the Lord’s Supper between Luther, Calvin, and Zwingli is Christ’s materiality and presence during the Eucharist. In order to understand the stances…

This controversy is active in some ways. The one I see the most active is within the Catholic and Protestant view of communion. I have a lot of Catholic friends and the view of the Lord’s Supper is a stark difference. I have attended mass with friends in the past, and the reverence that is paid for the Eucharist is much different than what Protestants do for Lord’s supper. One big difference is it is not open communion and only Roman Catholics can take the elements is different. I was raised…

I agree with the doctrinal distinction of total depravity. This doctrinal belief comes from the Reformed tradition. Total depravity means that humans are completely wicked and morally corrupt. This means that human nature is fully dead. Without Christ, it is not possible to have true life because of the depravity of humans. I believe this is true because human nature is corruptible and mutable. Consequently, humans live in sin and are tempted by evil throughout the entire time on heaven. Satan…

After Martin Luther took issue in his Ninety-five Theses with Catholic interpretations and traditions that were not explicitly in the bible, the Council of Trent made declarations as well as a few regulations to reaffirm the Catholic faith. The regulations were made in response to the distaste that the public had shown to the Churches' methods of fundraising. As such, the Church made stricter regulations to combat accusations of corruption such as stricter rules on indulgences. They also made…

In “The Conquered and the Conqueror: The Mutual Adaptation of the Canadiens and the British in Quebec, 1759-1775”, Donald Fyson gives the reader a view into the political and legal state Canadiens (people from Quebec) were placed in after the conquest of the British. There is almost an idea that these two separate colonies would come together and form a single “distinct society” in Quebec. Although, this is not necessarily the case since much was needed to be done before a society could be…