Prenatal diagnosis

This paper goes in depth about the topic of confusion. It first starts off by defining what chronic confusion is. It also explains the differences between acute and chronic confusion. It briefly goes into explaining why nursing theory is important in the health care system. Another topic mentioned in this paper is, Orem’s theory of self-care deficit. This theory is explained and related to chronic confusion. Lastly this paper relates how chronic confusion effects daily living.  Chronic…

Planning/Outcomes The two nursing diagnosis I will continue to focus on are ineffective airway clearance and ineffective family coping. Ineffective airway clearance is the first step in managing Bud's respiratory problems. Focusing on airway, we can enable Bud to breath with more ease and address his nagging cough. Ineffective family coping will address one of the other main functions of hospice. Hospices goal is not only to alleviate any pain and suffering for the patient, but also provide…

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Pre-Implantation Diagnosis Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is the process which involves the testing of embryos which have been produced through the process of In vitro fertilisation (IVF), for a range of genetic disorders. It can test for recessive sex linked disorders such as Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Dominant sex linked disorders such as incontinentia pigmenti, single gene disorders such as sickle cell anaemia and cystic fibrosis, as well as chromosomal…

In this day and age, it is possible to prevent deadly diseases that a person is predisposed to before they are even born. This process is called preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a screening test used to determine if genetic or chromosomal abnormalities are present in an embryo created through in-vitro fertilization. In-vitro fertilization literally means fertilization “in glass,” but in actuality, simply occurs in laboratory receptacles. This…

successfully employed until 1966, when Mark W Steele and William Roy Breg harvested cells from an amniocentesis, allowing for karyotyping of the chromosomes, and therefore future diagnosis of Down Syndrome and other chromosomal imbalances. This breakthrough allowed amniocentesis procedures to become the dominant field of prenatal genetic testing. Another change made to early amniocentesis procedures was the introduction of the ultrasound, which provided a more direct and safer guide into the…

PDG use to diagnose risk of late- onset diseases and predisposition to cancer is highly ethically debatable. Some diseases like Huntington’s disease that is late-onset are difficult to defend at prenatal diagnosis (Sermon, 2006). Late-onset diseases have full penetrance, and are often incurable. In non-disclosure PGD, patients may wish to have a child without disease but want to remain unaware of their own genetic carrier or disease status (Sermon,2006)…

Throughout the test of time childbirth and the gender of the children have been of natural means; one that has been by chance or chosen through the work of God or other supernatural being and has had little human interference until after childbirth. In many societies during the course of time one gender or the other has been preferred, this gender prominently being male. However, reasons for this stem from socialized thoughts and beliefs that one gender is more valuable or holds a higher…

eradicate a specific gene or ensure that a gene is not present in the DNA of the baby. These babies are generally engineered in vitro for specially selected traits through IVF which allows pre selection before implantation. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) allows embryos to be screened for genetic traits such as sex linked diseases which can be used to select the embryo with the healthiest genes. Such techniques help to improve the overall health of children; however,…

Preimplantation genetic testing is a genetic technique in which cells are removed from embryos to examine chromosomal abnormalities in vitro fertilization before a woman gives birth (King). Embryos made through in vitro fertilization would face genetic modification to avoid passing the defects onto future generations. After modification, only embryos free of abnormalities would be placed into the mother’s womb. This technique is targeted for parents who have a high risk of passing a fatal…

The increase of knowledge regarding the topic altering genes has become rapid and have open and paved the hope of designing your own perfect baby. Even today, the use of reforming and adjusting the genes of an unborn child is being put in effect. “Techniques of genetic screening are already being used, whereby embryos can be selected by sex and checked for certain disease-bearing genes. This can lead to either the termination of a pregnancy, or if analyzed at a pre-implantation stage when using…