Prenatal diagnosis

Developmental History Mr. Hamdy was born in Cairo, Egypt to the intact union of his parents, Ihab Mohammad Hamdy and Iman Abdelgawad. The elder, Dr. Hamdy offered that the defendant was born on time during a vaginal birth. He also reported regular prenatal visits while his wife was pregnant with their son. He stated that Mr. Hamdy reached developmental milestones, such as walking and talking, at the same rate as other children with no developmental delays noted. Dr. Hamdy added that Mr.…

Background: What is Down Syndrome? Down Syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by an error in cell division that results in an extra twenty-first chromosome, that causes birth defects of developmental and intellectual delays. The human body is composed of trillions of cells and within the nucleus of each cell are structures called chromosomes (Parks, 2009). About eight million babies are diagnosed with Down Syndrome in the United States with approximately twenty thousand in Western Europe…

ADHD when they are not treated because they do not know how to be in command of their actions and mentality. Although there is no known cause of ADHD, it is common for people with this condition to have a parent diagnosed or having been exposed to prenatal substance abuse (KidsHealth). It is common to find that individuals diagnosed with ADHD also have difficulties with…

Occupational Predictors of Low Birth Weight: A Systematic Review of Literature Abstract The purpose of the present paper is to examine characteristics of working environment which are related to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm delivery and low birth weightreport specific risk factors known to affect low birth weight. The specific risk factors which are the focus of the literature review are: occupational stress, occupational fatigue, long working hours, prolonged standing, heavy…

Inborn errors of metabolism are a group of rare disorders characterized by metabolic pathway abnormalities. One such disorder is Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) otherwise known as Branched-chain Ketoaciduria, a dangerous condition in which over saturation of amino acids in the blood can lead to toxicity progressing to encephalopathy, neurodegeneration, coma or respiratory failure (Haldeman-Englert, 2015). MSUD results from a malfunction of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex…

intestinal disorders, or excessive blood donation. Hookworm disease is another important factor in causation of anaemia due to chronic blood loss. The mean daily loss of blood from an Ancylostoma duodenal is 0.15 nil and Necator americans is 0.03ml. In rural areas, post partum haemorrhage on account of poor obstetric spaced pregnancies and prolonged periods of lactation deplete iron stores with each successive pregnancy and this is reflected in the high incidence of anaemia with higher parity.…

It is founded on knowledge of reproductive anatomy, physiology, and endocrinology, and incorporates relevant aspects of molecular biology, biochemistry and pathology. In the assessment of patients imaging techniques, laboratory methods and surgery may be needed. Treatment methods include counseling, pharmacology, surgery, and other methods. Reproductive medicine addresses issues of sexual education, puberty, family planning, birth control, infertility, reproductive system disease (including…

peri-natal depression include sleep disturbances,changes in appetite, mood changes, and difficulty concentrating. There are many risks associated with untreated depression during pregnancy. They include preterm labor, growth retardation, decreased prenatal care, poor weight gain, and increased substance use. Depression during pregnancy is very common, but also under diagnosed because women feel they should be joyous since they are having a baby. Depression is very different from the "baby…

Ambidexterity in the Martial Arts My thoughts on ambidexterity go back to early childhood, long before I had even known there was such a word to describe being able to use both sides of the body with equal ability. When I was a child entering elementary school in the first grade during the middle 1960’s I had naturally started to learn how to print and write using my left hand. However, much to the dismay of my teacher and my parents, the thought of me writing with my left hand must have been…