Pope Leo X

When were roman numerals discovered you may ask? The history of Roman numerals has been questionable for many years. What is clear is that numerals were used by the ancient Etruscans an interesting aspect of the Etruscan numeral system is that some numbers are represented as partial subtractions. The Etruscan numeric system was adapted from the Greek Attic numerals providing ideas for the later Roman numerals. The Roman numeral system is probably very simple rather than the Etruscan system. The…

almost every important Russian philosophers (Mirsky). The idea of choseness of the Russian people and state is crucial for the understanding the influences of the Byzantine Orthodoxy on the culture and literature of Russians. The great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy was deeply influenced by the Orthodox bringing in the Russian Empire. Even though Tolstoy was anathematized by the Christian Church of Russian Empire, he was deeply religious person, whose interpretation of Christianity was…

Literary works generally acknowledge their authors aspects on distinct social issues. Tartuffe a play by Moliere, and Candide an abstract satire by Voltaire, both deal with the question of religion in society. Tartuffe is a satire on the position of the middle class toward religion in seventeenth-century France. Moliere is strong on the belief in religious moderation and disapproves religious hypocrisy and hatred. On the other hand, Voltaire’s Candide satirizes eighteenth-century European…

Elizabeth during her reign successfully created a religious settlement which restored many of the divisions created by her predecessors. However in order to do so, she had to accept both Catholic and Protestant aspects of religion alike, which created tensions and angered those who were fully committed to their religion; this even led some to oppose the new church in attempts to change it so it was more suited to their religious views, thus acted as a barrier the church had to overcome in order…

Charlemagne was a Frankish ruler who took power of Western Europe from 768 to 814. It is no surprise that when Charlemagne became king of the Franks he expanded his kingdom with great force and the use of mounted Frankish knights. His ultimate goal was to unite all Germanic people under one kingdom and to convert everyone to Christianity. It is often believed that Charlemagne was ruthless and showed no mercy. However, because of Charlemagne’s bold leadership and rule in politics, he is one of…

From his adult height of 4’6’’ to his lack of a formal education because of his religion, Alexander Pope was often counted out throughout his life, but he overcame these problems again and again to impact the literary world. Alexander Pope lived during the restoration period, a tumultuous time. During this time, many things were happening in Britain. Pope was born in 1688, the year of the so called “Glorious Revolution” in which William and Mary became the rulers of Britain. Although things like…

When Pope Paul V made the decision of placing Venice under interdict in 1606, the Catholic Church’s slow but steady decline since the end of the Middle Ages became more rapid and apparent to both the secular leaders and common people of Europe. Paul V was initially concerned about laws that restricted the clergy’s right to acquire land (de Vivo 157), and tensions reached a breaking point when a cardinal and bishop were jailed for violating these laws (“Paul V”). The doge and Senate of Venice…

Miracle, Memory, and Colonialism in the middle ages is the story of The Hanged Man by Robert Bartlett. There are not many people that can escape death in general; especially when they are hanged. Robert Bartlett’s The Hanged Man is a story of a Welshman that was hanged, but was still alive. There was a inquiry that was held to see if there was a intercession from a saint named Thomas De Cantilupe whom was the bishop of Hereford who was also hanged, but survived. Bartlett’s background as a…

The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, a small group under Robert Catesby put together a plan to kill King James I and members of the house of parliament that were making life difficult for the Catholics.This is an important event in British history because, it almost ended the lives of the biggest Protestant leaders of that time. Also, how the event that happened over 400 years ago affect people today. After Queen ELizabeth I died in 1603, Catholics hoped her next successor James I. Having a Catholic…

Gregorian University. (Terese) "He was very active in promoting the immaculate Virgin Mary and is known as the Apostle of consecration to Mary." (Catholic.org)"Kolbe then organized the Militia Immaculata after witnessing demonstrations against Pope St.Pius X and Benedict XV. His main goal was to work for the conversion of sinners and enemies of the church ." (Catholic.org) During his 20's he was ordained a priest and started a periodical called the Knight of the Immaculate. This periodical…