Phoneme

individual sounds. However, in the end she did accomplish the task, but it felt a little as if she were sometimes guessing rather than feeling very certain of the concept. Although she is intelligent and literate in her native language, the concept of phonemes (vs. phonics) was very new to her and she would benefit from more instruction than could be provided in a thirty minute session. Also, the exercise of saying words slowly or saying each sound individually caused her to giggle in seeming…

Phonemic awareness and phonics are two components of a balanced literacy program in K – 3 classrooms. Phonemic awareness is the understanding that words are made of sounds. Phonics builds on this awareness by teaching the relationships between sounds and letter-symbols. Research supports direct instruction of these components as a precursor to reading success. Commercially-published programs and books, software and apps, and numerous Internet sources can provide teachers with materials needed…

Making up more 13% of the entire population of the United States, African Americans therefore, play a significant role in shaping the American life style. Although the days of slavery and racism against black people is considered history, African Americans are still experiencing some type of discrimination against them. The most important type to discuss here is the overrepresentation of African Americans students in special education classes as a result of faulty assessment (Roseberry-McKibbin,…

Adult acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) is characterized as a neurological communication disorder that demonstrates an impaired ability to plan or program motor movements necessary for speech (Davis, Farias, & Baynes, 2009). AOS is supraotentorial in nature and typically occurs in the left hemisphere (Duffy, 2013). Localization of AOS occurs in the dominant hemisphere’s structures and pathways that are responsible for the planning and programming of speech movements. The plan is what (i.e., motor…

The first phase of sight word development consists of the pre-alphabetic phase. Ehri (1995) stated that during this phase, "beginners remember how to read words by forming connections between selected visual attributes of words and their pronunciations or meanings and storing these associations in memory" (p. 118). Children at this phase have not advanced any alphabet knowledge. Instead, children can read sight words by memorizing the visual signals around or in the word (Gaskin, Ehri, Cress,…

Jay-ce is a 5-year-old kindergartener diagnosis with ASD. She is an only child. Jay-ce is in a general education class but gets support in math and reading by me, the ESE support teacher. As a five-year-old there are a few milestones she should be able to do. For language Jay-ce should be able to recall part of a story, and speaks sentences of more than five words, for cognitive milestones, she should be able to count ten or more objects. For social and emotional milestones, Jay-ce want to be…

I would respond to the parent by stating that there are different ways to make a baby smart. This has a lot to do with the parent and caregivers of the child. One way to develop a child’s brain development comes from experience and exercise the brain. This happens through the different senses such as sight, touch and sound. The stimulation of synapses in the brain will create more and help children develop a wide range of experiences. The environment of the child also assist in this aspect where…

Furthermore, as a pre-service teacher, specifically in my current clinical placement, a second-grade classroom, I noticed that the majority of the students struggle with reading. For that reason, if student needs are not met and addressed, especially reading difficulties, it is evident that he or she will continue to struggle with reading throughout his or her academic career. Student needs must be addressed early on, specifically in the first-grade. However, after reading and analyzing “How to…

This intervention study was conducted in order to see if using picture mnemonics would help children in kindergarten be able to identify the letters of the alphabets both accurately and dependably. Since children, of this age group, quite often struggle in terms of recognizing the alphabet and transferring that letter knowledge to their reading, this study took a new approach to teaching the letters and their corresponding sounds. The authors hoped that with this intensive intervention, that…

Report (2007: 19), synthetic phonics is praised as ‘the best route to becoming skilled readers’. Driven by its emphasis on phonics, it points out five essential skills for reading: ‘recognition of letters, the ability to sound out phonemes, the ability to hear and blend phonemes, the reading of phonically regular words, and the reading of some irregular words’ (Rose, 2007: 22). Therefore, Phonics Screening Check was later introduced in 2012 by the UK coalition government to strengthen the…