Phenytoin

In the year 2012, a woman named Susan Hammack died of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) otherwise known as Lou Gehrig’s Disease. She passed away at age 64 and ended up being diagnosed 2 and a half years prior. Hammack’s disease got to the point of hospice in her own home and put on a medical respirator to help her breath. Many of her symptoms included: twitching or cramping muscles, slurred speech or trouble projecting her voice, loss of motor skills in hands and arms, tripping and falling,…

Epilepsy is a disorder defined by many as having recurrent and unprovoked seizures (apgar pg 296). These seizures can range from very physical and dramatic seizures to light twitches or no movement at all (kirka…). Despite the obvious physical issues of this disease, its problems start in the brain, and the seizures are usually categorized by where they affect the brain. There are generalized onset seizures, which start on both sides of the brain, focal onset seizures, which start in one…

Schiff Bases: Schiff bases are amongst the important class of drugs containing imine or azoethine (-C=N-) moiety,have been obtained by the condensation of primary amines and carbonyl compounds.It was first time presented by the Hugo schiff (Cimerman et al, 2000). Schiff bases are one of the most important class of organic drugs widely used in variety of different fields such as analytical, biological, and inorganic chemistry.The schiff bases heve been designed to synthesize more and more novel…

Periodontal disease affects 75 percent of adults in Unites States and more severe forms affect 20 to 30 percent of adults. Many epidemiologic studies suggest moderate connection between dental health status and systemic disease (Genco, 2002). Therefore, treating periodontal disease may not only help manage oral health but may also help with the management of other chronic conditions. The first nonsurgical step to treat gum disease involves subgingival scaling and root planing to remove plaque…

Any changes could indicate changes in the ICP. Any, pupil change is significant, especially if they become sluggish, or unequal (Urden el at., 2014). Next per physician order the head of the bead should be position flat of 30-45 degrease this improves the ICP and facilitates venous drainage which in turn lowers the ICP (Urden el at., 2014). Repositioning the patient, also aids in lowering the ICP at 5 minutes as mention by Olsen et al. (2013). Therefore, it is an important nursing…

Osteomalacia Vitamin D is a key player in calcium absorption, and deficiency can lead to decreased calcium absorption, which can, in turn, cause bone diseases such as rickets or osteomalacia. (Nair, 2010, para. 4) Osteomalacia refers to a softening of bones that are often caused by a vitamin D deficiency which make bones more susceptible to bowing and fracturing. Osteomalacia is not the same as osteoporosis, osteomalacia results from a defect in the bone-building process, while osteoporosis…

Introduction Osteoporosis, a preventable and treatable disease, affects both men and women in the geriatric population. According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin diseases, osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures of the hip, spine, and wrist.1 Geriatric patients are more at risk of developing osteoporosis due to increased age and a decrease…

Rufinamide (Banzel) was designated as an orphan drug for use in the treatment of seizures that are caused by Lennox—Gastaut syndrome in patients older than four in 2004 by the FDA (Food and Drug Adminsitration).¬¬¬¬¬1 Lennox—Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a epileptic disease, commonly found in children, that is characterized a high rate of injury from seizures as well as a wide range of treatment-resistant seizures. In the past treatments were inadequate, leaving patients without much, but after the…

diagnosis of the cardiovascular system is pericarditis. This involves inflammation of the pericardium. There is sometimes no known cause to this disease, however, possible causes include heart attack, kidney failure, AIDS, cancer, Coumadin, and phenytoin (“What is Pericarditis,” n.d.). Treatment includes reducing inflammation and minimizing…

Introduction Epilepsy is known as Apasmara: apa, means negation or loss of; smara, means recollection or consciousness. Epilepsy known form thousands of years but came forward past hundred years. It was known from the Babylonians and Greeks also have records of epilepsy and they represent as Sacred Disease21. In India concept of epilepsy is known from ancient Indian medicine and it was developed during the Vedic period of .In the Ayurvedic literature of Charaka Samhita epilepsy is known…