Neutron star

Fission is a reaction when the nucleus of an atom, gets a neutron, and then splits into two or more nuclei. This causes a release in significant amounts of energy as well as more neutrons. These neutrons then go on to split more nuclei and a chain reaction takes place. Fusion is basically the reverse process of fission. In this situation the nuclei collide instead and join together to form an atom larger than helium. Nuclear power plant use fission to produce very large amounts of energy. Enough…

– equation (2 gives info on location of electron in terms of probability density - wave functions are called orbitals – [pic], where E is energy, e2 is electric potential, r is orbital radius and h is Planck’s constant 1925 Wolfgang Pauli – each orbital has only 2 electrons is now explained due to direction of spin of electrons. Spinning electrons create magnetic field. Only 2 electrons of opposite spin in an orbital referred to as Pauli exclusion principle Hund’s rule – half fill…

Paragraph 1 The research done by Haines on how the atomic structure of FePO4 varies when temperature increases from 294K to 1073 shows few crystal chemical relationships between SiO2 and FePO4. There is a first order variation of cell parameters and atomic orientations with temperatures lower than 980K and α-phase plays a dominant role over β-phase at high temperature. For the α-phase FePO4, the cell parameters increase with a non-linear trend when temperature increases linearly. The volume…

The atom is the smallest unit of matter. The name “atom” comes from the Greek word atomos, which means “uncuttable.” Atomic theory states that all matter is made up of these small particles, and that these atoms, and the matter made from them, cannot be created nor destroyed, merely reshaped and reformed. Modern chemistry unofficially began in the eighteenth century. French scientist Antoine Lavoisier discovered the law of the conservation of mass c. 1785. This law states that “The total mass…

Cerium is a rare earth element of the lanthanide series (atomic no. = 57– 71) of the periodic table. Among the various rare earth metals, cerium granted a hugeattention towards scientific community due to its catalytic antioxidant property. Usually, antioxidants protect cells from oxidative damage, mediated by ‘reactive oxygen species’ (ROS), which include free radicals such as superoxide anion (O2•-), hydroxyl radical (•OH), singlet oxygen (1O2) and non-free radical species like hydrogen…

Radioisotopes are atoms that consist of unstable combination of neutrons and protons. All elements which have their atomic numbers greater than 83 are radioisotopes and have unstable, radioactive nuclei. They have at least one stable isotope and one unstable isotope. In order to gain stable conformation the nucleus of the atoms loses a neutron due to which radiation energy is given off and the atom is said to be in radioactive state. They are also called as radionuclides because they have more…

Atomic Energy Introduction: Scientists are able to address human cancer by using Atomic-energy. Atomic-energy or higher referred to as Nuclear-energy is the energy inside of the nucleus of an atom. Nuclear-energy is the type of energy that is regularly released during the process of nuclear-fission or nuclear-fusion and is typically used for electricity. Atoms are microscopic particles that make up every and each object inside the universe. There is gigantic energy inside the bonds that can…

In conducting this experiment, the hope was to identify if there was a relationship between distance from a radioactive source and its radioactivity. Within this radiation lab experiment, we put the following hypothesis to the test: If the distance from the source, in centimeters, is increased then the Ionizing Radiation does is expected to decrease because the radiation decreases as it gets farther away from the radiation emitter, due to the loss of energy from the radioactive particles as…

main parts of every atom are neutrons and protons. The three main subatomic particles that form an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Electrons are the smallest of the three particles that make up atoms. Electrons are found in shells or orbitals that surround the nucleus of an atom. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus. They group together in the center of the atom. Protons has mass (g) of1.673 x 10-24, Mass (amu) is 1 and location is nucleus, Neutrons has mass (g) of 1.675 x…

Task 1: radioactive decay is a nuclei of some isotopes which are unstable. If a radioactive isotope decays the it will change and become a different atom with different number of protons. Radioactive decays also are a process which has an unstable atomic nucleus and which causes it to lose energy this because of radiation, for example there three main types of radioactive decay alpha, beta, and gamma particle. If a material has unstable nuclei it would be considered as radioactive. If an atom…