Gamma ray

Introduction Our Sun produces enough energy in one second to sustain life on earth for millions of years. However, there is an energy far more powerful than our Sun that makes it pale in comparison. Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most energetic type of light in the universe and produce more energy in one second than the sun will produce in its ten-billion year lifetime. These dramatically powerful energetic explosions often originate billions of light-years from Earth yet produce a light so bright that it can be seen through binoculars, making them unequivocally the most powerful burst of energy that we have observed in our universe (Bennett, Donahue, Schneider, & Voit, 2014). This phenomenon has long fascinated scientists and astronomers…

range and are used when cancer cells are close to the skin. Both types of x-rays and gamma rays penetrate deeper than electrons, however the dose absorbed by the tissue decreases exponentially. For protons, as the depth increase so does the absorption. Unlike other types of particles, the peak for protons is very steep and only for a certain exact depth. The advantage of this pattern in energy deposition is that minimal energy is affecting healthy tissues as opposed to the malignant cancer…

radiation through the imaging department. This medical procedures include x-rays for diagnosing and treatment, and even research. Gamma rays are also use by medical doctors to create radioactive tracers, that allows them explore a patient’s body without having to perform surgery. Gamma rays are also use to treat different types of cancers and tumors. Although, gamma rays have the capability to target and eradicate cancer cells they can also damage…

processes within the human body. [1] First, chemicals which emits gamma radiation are injected into the human body, then; the system detects pairs of gamma rays emitted indirectly by a tracer to show images of bones and organs. These substances are injected into the body, and are usually tagged with a radioactive atom.[1] Doctors use this device to create images of bones and organs of the patients. They take many pictures from different angles, and; use a computer software to create a full…

In one experiment by Jim Richards, whilst trying to separate tellurium 132 and iodine 132, the iodine was found to be contaminated by Tc-99m. After many other experiments, he discovered that the parent element molybdenum 99 (Mo-99) when absorbed in aluminium oxides left the radioisotope of Tc-99m. Richard found that the Tc-99m provided excellent properties to be used for nuclear imaging, as the half-life of six hours did minimal damage to tissue. With the gamma cameras already being used for the…

detected by a gamma camera. Radiation such as gamma radiation occur when the nucleus of an atom instable. This occurs when the proportion of neutrons and protons are not lying on the band of stability, which consists of stable nucleus configurations in relation to the atomic number (as seen below). Atoms along the band of stability are assumed to contain enough energy within the nucleus to hold it together. This energy called the nuclear binding energy has yet to be discovered and is just…

Brain Nuclear Scan Nuclear Brain scanning is a type of nuclear imaging test, which means it uses a radioactive substance and a special camera to create a 3-D pictures. While image tests such as x-rays can show what the structure inside your body looks like, a Nuclear scan produces images that show how the organs work. The reason I choice nuclear brain scanning, do to the fact my step mom has Epilepsy that she has acquired from a brain disorder from damage in the temporal lobe area. She…

I would say that it’s because we haven’t found anything that works better. Radioisotopes (so as cesium-137, Iodine-131, strontium-89, samarium-153, radium-223, copper-67) that cures cancer does this that they are given by mouth as a drink or capsules, or injected into a vein, then what happens is that the cells absorbs the radioisotope and cancer cells absorbs more than other cells so they receive a higher dose of radioactivity and because radioisotopes kills the cells it is now killing cells…

The first step is to inject the patient with a solution commonly used by the body to produce energy such as glucose it has to be a positron-emitting substance because the scanner has an array of detectors that detect the collisions of the positrons with electrons, the two species disappear, and in the process, create two gamma photons to move apart in opposite directions. These detected gamma rays are recorded by the scanners electronics and they map an image of the area where the active glucose…

When cells rapidly divide (as is the case with cancerous growths) they become more susceptible to radiation. doctors can target a specific area in the body with a small amount of radiation, and cancerous cells can be killed while leaving the surrounding tissue intact. This can be done using a machine which sends rays of radiation, usually gamma, to the specific areas of cancer cells in the body or through the input of nuclear isotopes. A negative side effect of radiation therapy is the damage it…