Kidney transplantation

An infant is born to two parents. The father has type A blood and the mother has type B blood. A sample of the infant’s blood is sent for blood typing. When the infant’s blood is subjected to forward typing, there is no agglutination. When back-typing is performed, the infant’s serum causes agglutination with both type A and type B RBCs. Which of the following is the most likely interpretation of these results? A. The infant has type A blood. B. The infant has type AB blood. C. The infant has…

1. What is the most likely diagnosis of the underlying disease in this patient (5 marks)? Follicular Lymphoma. 2. Describe the process of autologous transplantation for the treatment of this patient’s disease. (5 marks). Stem cells are removed from patient and stored in a freezer. Patient will then receive high dose chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy to get rid of circulating tumor cells in the blood. The removed stem cells are transfused, replacing the destroyed tissue and…

Allie is a 5 year old who presents with frequency and burning upon urination. This started 1 day ago. No fever, and she wet the bed last PM. No prior history of UTI. Vomited x1 yesterday. Her weight is 46 pounds (46lbs= 20, 9 kg= 21 kg). Exam. Unremarkable. Some regionalized abdominal pain. No suprapubic tenderness. Urine dip in office reveals 2+ bacteria, +nitrites, neg blood, glucose, ketones. Perineal area slightly excoriated. What would your treatment plan be for this patient?…

Urodynamic studies or urodynamic testing is a set of tests that are conducted for evaluating the function as well as condition of the lower urinary tract. In other words, urodynamics is a group of tests that are generally prescribed by a urologist, gynecologist, or urogynecologist. These tests allow them to carry out a visual examination of the functioning of the lower urinary tract. Why urodynamic testing is used? A team of qualified doctors conduct the urodynamic testing to assess lower…

(ijates.com). Artificial hearts designed to be a solution for this issue. These hearts have brought hope to patients by eliminating the need for the heart transplant. Artificial hearts provide a temporary solution for patients as they wait heart transplantation. . In early 1980’s the Jarvik-7…

procedure outweighs the risk of surgery. In this case, the patient must have lost function is both kidneys (as people can survive with one functional kidney) due to an end-stage renal disease, thus necessitating the need for a kidney transplant. Hypothesis: Like already stated, when organ failure occurs, physicians determine whether or not to proceed with surgery. The patient…

of appetite, insomnia, tingling and swelling of the extremities. In kidney transplant patients, 30% or more side effects are infection, HTN, abnormal renal function, constipation, diarrhea, N/V and insomnia. A very rare disease which is usually presented in Tacrolimus induced immunodeficiency is Progressive Multifocal Leucoencaphalopathy (PML). We came across one such case which was initially suspected PML in 51 year old kidney…

Hypovolemia is a state in which the blood volume, specifically the volume of the blood plasma, is decreased. This can also lead to an imbalance in the volume contraction, or a decrease in the volume of body fluid, which includes osmolytes. Hypervolemia is often linked with sodium depletion, and is distinctly different from dehydration. Causes include loss of blood, loss of plasma, and loss of osmolytes via diarrhea and vomiting. It is recognized by tachycardia and diminished blood pressure, as…

stored in the brain, helps control the body's water balance. The kidneys filter the blood to remove waste and excess fluid, which are stored in the bladder as urine. ADH controls the balance between fluid intake and urine excretion. Normally, when a person's fluid intake is low or when a lot of fluid is lost (for example, through sweating), the brain releases more ADH into the bloodstream. High levels of this hormone direct the kidneys to reabsorb more water and to make less urine. When fluid…

Summary 1: Sodium and excessiveness of it is one of the main factors increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke in Americans. The purpose of this study was to test the relationship between the amount of salt consumed and cardiovascular disease or stroke. To do this study, researchers used a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies done between 1966 through 2008. They used data sources from Medline, Embase, Psychinfo, Cochrane Library, AMED, and CINAHL. The average salt intake…