Kidney transplantation

The reasons this patient requires retrograde and antegrade pyelography is because there were three distinct abnormalities on IVP, which could have been responsible for the hematuria. IVP is a more sensitive for detection of small lesions of the ureter or renal pelvis. The IVP has a higher sensitivity and specificity than an abdominal plain film for the detection of stones and provides data about the degree of obstruction. The IVP can also visualize both the bladder and the upper urinary tracts.…

1. In review of the patient’s lab work it shows that the patient is anemic. Porth defines anemia as an abnormally low number of circulating red blood cells and/or level of hemoglobin (Porth, 2011). Hemoglobin, or HGB, is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to organs and tissues throughout the body. Hematocrit, or HCT, is the volume of cells in 100 mL of blood (Porth, 2011). HGB and HCT levels can indicate the severity of the anemia. Mean corpuscular volume, or MCV, tells us the…

Introduction severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is not unusual, expensive, and potentially lifestyles-threatening and need spark off evaluation and aggressive scientific control.(van leerdam.2008) in spite of changes in control, mortality has not appreciably progressed over the last 50 years. aged sufferers and people with continual scientific diseases survive acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding much fewer well than more youthful, healthier sufferers, and have a higher risk of loss of…

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a decrease in kidney function occurring in the glomerular filtration ability of the kidney causing an increase in nitrogenous waste in the blood and in turn increasing the creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels (McCance & Huether, 2014). Other findings associated with AKI include, a decrease in urinary output and also accumulation of metabolic acids, and increased potassium and phosphate concentrations (Bellomo, Kellum & Ronco, 2012). The AKI is…

gland secretes parathyroid hormone or parahormone which regulates calcium and phosphorus by stimulating the transfer of calcium from bone to blood, and inhibiting bone formation and by increasing calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion in the kidney. 4. Mineral corticosteroids such as aldosterone are secreted by the adrenal…

I. Introduction A. Attention-getter: How do you feel when you have to wait for something you really, really want? What if it was something you literally couldn’t live without? According to an article written by The National Kidney Foundation in 2005, “Nearly 10% of the patients currently waiting for liver transplants are young individuals under the age of 18.” That was us last year. Now could you imagine that was our little siblings and cousins or some neighborhood child you see running around…

techniques to increase condensation rate in thermal desalination (i.e. use of nuclei to increase water vapour condensation in industrial scale), and conceptual design of new desalination technology based on anatomy of loop of Henle in marine mammals kidney were some other mentioned ideas for last phase of this research project. Finally the last discussed idea selected to investigate in detail as the last topic of this research as a separation based technologies. Salt and water management in…

Educating the Public on Organ Donation in Order to Yield a Higher Output of Organ Donors in California For those of us who have gotten our driver’s licenses, we were asked if we would like to be an organ donor. The State of California, by default, registers each person as a non-donor and upon receiving a license people can decide to “opt in” and become an organ donor. Yes, this system does work and it has for over 4 decades, but it has a significant drawback. There are over 123,000 people…

When Would You Administer Mannitol? Mannitol is a diuretic. It has many uses. It is most commonly used to increase urine production and flush the kidneys. It can, also, be used to decrease swelling and pressure inside the eye or around the brain. Another use is the elimination of toxic substances, such as aspirin, barbituates, bromides, and carbon monoxide from the body. First, mannitol can perform all of these functions because it is a diuretic. This means that the addition of it to…

Acute infectious prostatitis – This type of prostatitis is a condition that caused by bacteria, which can be treated by antimicrobial medications. This condition develops unexpectedly and its common symptoms are fever and chills, which are extensive. That is why a visit to the nearest urology clinic or emergency room so that the urology specialist can provide essential diagnosis and treatment as well as hospitalization. Chronic infectious prostatitis – This type of prostititis is caused by a…