broad and it is very hard to define whether the victims are in fear or not. Because it is really subjective to satisfy the victim is in fear, so maybe some victims that are really need these protection but cannot use it because of the decision of the court. Therefore, some victims cannot enjoy their victims’ rights. Moreover, the Victims Charter said that “The victim's right to information-reporting the crime”. In fact, there are some cases that the police are rejecting and ignoring the…
What is known as the doctrine of international law of sources refers that the two means in making international law the first being international agreements i.e. treaties and the second state practices accepted as law i.e. “Federal regulations, Federal court decisions, testimony and statements before Congressional and international bodies, diplomatic notes, correspondence, speeches, press conference statements, and even internal memoranda” (Janis 50). This was expanded upon by article 38 in the…
Fraudulent actions are allowed by judges in courtrooms all the time. Often African Americans are discriminated against in the courtroom, which is a fact proven by the proportion of the African American serving time in the criminal justice system. This occurs because of “implicit bias,” which can be, and was measured by the Implicit Association Test (Rachinsky). Rachinksy’s research into the Implicit Association Test (IAT) shows that white people, more than any other race…
has four main judiciary organizations, which are court of justice, administrative court, military court and constitutional court. The majority part of Thailand legal system is consisted by code law, and most law was adopted from the UK and European, with a small amount borrowed from China, India and Japan 1. Legislation act in Thailand is made by the parliament of Thailand. Thailand’s code law is consisted by three major codes, which are criminal code, civil and commercial code and numerous…
use of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. To help solve disputes of international sea law between two states the United nations has created the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. However, before being able to take the case to the International Tribunal for the Law of the sea, Italy must have first exhausted all of its possible remedies to find a solution for this case. The permanent court of arbitration helped navigate this case, in the end however, India decided to…
There are several different types of laws in the United States, they include: criminal, civil, constitutional, administrative, and international laws. Criminal laws are the one that is most commonly heard. Criminal law is usually an issue in society. This can range from small issues up to felonies. Each degree of offense depends on the action that occurred. A few examples of criminal laws are: robbery, possession of drugs, and murder. Civil laws are also common. They are smaller offenses, and…
article "Deterrence and the Death Penalty" states, “Since blacks are three times as likely to be poor as whites, it seems reasonable that race could serve to measure the impact of poverty on criminal charges, convictions, and sentencing” (Johnson and Johnson 9). According to statistics from Amnesty International, the race of the defendant as well as the race of the victim both affect a court’s decision regarding the severity of the punishment. Since 1976, 77% of defendants who committed…
first step to understanding the law as well as grasping its evolvement through legal judgements outlined in cases before tribunals and courts. Article 1 of the UN convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the crime of Genocide states: “The Contracting Parties confirm that genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law which they undertake to prevent and punish”. (http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=a/res/260(III) )Article 1 of…
Punishment for criminal offences is a practice that had been present since the inception of human civilizations across the globe. In ancient times too, people were convicted and punished for committing crimes which encompassed heinous crimes like murder. Though the modes of punishments varied from what are present today, different forms of retribution were thoroughly present in those ancient civilizations. But it must be noted that the entire criminal justice system, today, has changed, and to…
character of Eichmann. Stating that he simply “lacked conscience and was unaware of what he was doing.”(pg. 240). In essence by calling a crime against humanity "banal," Arendt was trying to point to the manner in which the offense had become for the criminals accepted and implemented without any moral and political resistance. According, to Arendt what had become banal on the trail of Eichmann was his inability to think. Consequently, that in itself for Arendt is genocidal and be considered as…