International Court of Justice

brainwashing nazi Germany regime in order to scope the effects of this government run genocide. I will argue that while states can be guilty of crimes difficulty arises in the jurisdiction to which they can be held accountable and when these international criminal courts don 't have their own policing teams it can be hard to punish people in power within their own state. By definition from Kramer and Michalowski (2005, pp. 447-448) state crime…

The United Nations aims to “save succeeding generations from the scourge of war” (UN Charter) by promoting international peace and security. Founded in 1945, the UN had 51 member states. Today there are 193 member states, yet the system remains unchanged. While disputes are tangible and concrete, conflicts are processes in which actors express dissatisfaction or disagreement with organizational structure (Constantino & Merchant 5). The intangibility of conflict makes it difficult to diagnose.…

I, for one, do not believe in American ethnocentrism especially when it comes to our criminal justice system, as long as there is at least one other country that has produced better results. One example of where the American criminal justice system falls short is the rate of recidivism; based on data gathered by Latimer et al (2005), over half of all criminals who were released from incarceration went back to jail. This is compared to most Scandinavian and a few other European countries that…

CIVIL WAR Darfur is a western region of Sudan in Africa and is home to about 6 million people, the majority of which are Muslim. Violence in Sudan broke out in February 2003 when 2 rebel groups -the Sudan liberation Movement/Army (SLA/M) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) – began fighting the government of Sudan which they accused of oppressing Darfur’s Non Arab population. The government’s response to this was to begin a campaign of killing Darfur’s non Arabs and in 2003 these…

after living there at that age. “International Criminal Court (ICC) Article 26 prevents the court from prosecuting anyone under the age of 18, but not because it believes children should be exempt from prosecution for international crimes, ‘but rather that the decision on whether to prosecute should be left to States[countries]…. [The] exclusion of children from the ICC jurisdiction avoided the argument between States[countries] on the minimum age for international crimes.” (Should Child…

Direct effect is a principle enabling individuals to rely on European provisions before a national or European court. This principle was broadened and defined over time through cases brought before, and rulings of, the European Court of Justice. To understand how direct effect evolved and to what extent it protects individual rights, we must look at those cases and rulings in a chronological matter. I will firstly examine direct effect’s scope of application over time, and then turn my attention…

v the United Kingdom. In particular, the essay focuses on facts that lead to the European Court of Human rights to hear the case. In addition, the paper discusses the Court’s decision and analysis of the decision using cases that have been heard after the Vinter and others v the United Kingdom. Summary of the facts that led to the European Court of Human Rights hearing The facts that led the European Court of Human Rights in the Vinter and others v the United Kingdom is that all the applicants…

humanitarian crisis in the world, and the United Nations has predicted that, as of today, more than 300,000 people have been killed as a result of it (Darfur Conflict). Even with all the suffering and bloodshed, Darfur currently has very little international aid and no visible end to the violence. By studying the history and current status of the Darfur Genocide, as well as the efforts being made…

the empowerment of its other institutions, the Court of justice of the European Union (CJEU) as a result has taken an essential active role in the European Union by forming the Union’s legal order. Initially, the European Union envisaged as an international organisational for the purposes for economic and political interest has further developed in which the courts have permitted individuals to enforce rights under European Union law in national courts. Although the CJEU is the leading figure…

principle of supremacy (hereinafter called ‘POS’) of European Union (EU) law where EU law takes precedence over national law still stands firmly, or it is merely a hallucination in the eyes of national courts will be tackled by looking at the Member States’ (MS) responses to European Court of Justice (ECJ) decisions and the methods of ‘qualification’ to EU law’s supremacy that MS adopted alongside with the academics opinions. 2.0: EU law is supreme It is essential for the EU legal system…