Excitatory postsynaptic potential

What does the term neroglia mean? What are the 4 types of neuroglia cells in the CNS? Discuss this in detail. Neuroglia is a group of cells, in the nervous tissue that supports neurons that keeps the nervous system functioning and together. The 4 types of neuroglis cells of the CNS: (1.) Astrocytes are cells that support and structure cells that is a barrier for the brain through blood. (2.) Microglial cells are cells that remove dirt and attack microbes. (3.) Ependymal cells are cells that…

Explanation of EMG signals EMG stands for electromyography. Muscle fibres generate tiny electrical currents prior to the production of muscle force. These currents are generated by the exchange of ions across muscle fibres membranes, a part of the signalling process for the muscle fibres to contract. EMG is the signal made, it can be measured by applying conductive elements or electrodes to the skin surface, or invasively with the muscle. When using EMG, tiny devices named electrodes are used…

Sensation and perception work together to help the brain make sense of the world we see. There cells, called sensory receptors, are the ones that send stimulus to the brain through afferent nerves, which are responsible for carrying information to the brain and spinal cord. This process is called the bottom-up processing, and it means that the information is being sent to the brain for interpretation. Then there is top-down processing, which works opposite of bottom-up processing. To make sense…

Myelin is imperative for the functioning of adequate conduction velocity speed in axons. Myelin is made of water, lipids and proteins and appears white in color. This combination of lipids and proteins form a whitish protective cover or sheath over the axon of numerous nerve fibers. This sheath covering the axon speeds up the impulses that are being conducted, which is important in the transmission of impulses in our body. Without myelin speeding up conduction, the impulses would decelerate.…

shown all throughout the sport. There are stunts, tumbling, and jumps. Cheerleading is a sport that involves all these tasks and much more. Cheerleading consists of many concepts of physics, such as Gravity, Newton Laws of Motion, momentum, torque, potential and kinetic energy, velocity, force, gravitational acceleration, free fall. I will explain the definitions of each concept, so readers will be able to get real meaning as to why these concepts consist of cheer leading. Gravity is the force…

you get on the coaster. When our marble is released at the top of the initial hill, energy is transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy. Potential energy is higher than kinetic energy at the top of the hill, because the ride is barely, or not moving at all, and all of the energy is yet to be released. As the marble starts to go down the hill, energy is changed from potential to kinetic.…

Ava Lilienthal Science Barcus 7-4 The Physics Behind Soccer Soccer really has a lot to do with science. From Newton’s laws of motion to the momentum of the person kicking the ball, the drag force and the magnus effect, and even the air pressure in the ball. It is harder than most people think. Next time you watch a soccer game, or play a soccer game, think about the science in the game. First, Newton’s Law’s are present when the ball is kicked. His first law, an object at rest stays at rest…

help us see, hear, taste, and feel sensation. This is all do to a critical phenomenon known as action potential. Action potential is caused by a change in various ions, specifically sodium and potassium. When the neuron is in a resting state with -70mV, there is a great amount of potassium ions inside the cell, and a plethora of sodium ions outside the cell. For something to initiate an action potential, there must be a certain stimulus or impulse. This stimulus would cause voltage-gated sodium…

allows calcium ions to enter the cell membrane, the synaptic vesicles move forward and release acetylcholine (ACH). ACH combined with membrane receptors on the endplate cause electronic potentials, potassium and sodium ions exchanging start to spread both sides of muscle cell membrane to form the action potentials, and long with the cell membrane so that both sides of the terminal cistern will release Ca2+, Ca2+ and troponin binding to change tropomyosin, let actin exposed binding site to the…

SECTION 2 Structure involved in disease. According to Martini et al. (2015) nervous system divided into two division which is the Central Nervous System(CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System(PNS). CNS consist of the brain and spinal cord while PNS include all the neural tissue outside the CNS. Neuron are the nerve cells which receive the stimulus from each part of the body and send it to the CNS. A neuron consist of body cell, dendrites, axon,myelin sheath and telodendrites. Normal neuron…