Chloroplast

and their behaviour is heavily influenced by environmental factors like light intensity and colour. The Chloroplast has a double membrane (inner and outer membrane systems). The inner membrane forms a border from the Stroma and it allows materials to enter and exit the Chloroplast. The outer membrane is “permeable” to ions, which can diffuse easily, and its not permeable to proteins. Chloroplasts contain a green pigments called Chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight and uses the sun’s energy to…

they have one large vacuole while in an animal cell, they have many small ones that have the same function. Animal cells contain an organelle called centrioles which are used in cell division. The final reason is that in plant cells they have chloroplasts which contain a pigment called chlorophyll which takes the sunlight and converts it to food during…

genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes. The main function of the cell nucleus is to control gene expression and mediate the replication of DNA during the cell cycle. c-Chloroplasts are larger than…

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most widely consumed staple foods in the world. It is especially popular in Asia. Rice serves as a major source of carbohydrate to consumers. Besides that, rice provides vitamins and minerals such as magnesium and vitamin B6 to consumers (United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, 2015). Rice can be broadly grouped into two main subspecies: indica and japonica. The indica subspecies are long and slender, while japonica grains are…

Although these two cells share a lot of similarities there are also many differences between the common prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, however more specifically I will be exploring how the structure relates to the function of an animal cell and a non-photosynthetic prokaryotic cell, and it is explained that, “analysing a biological structure gives us clues about what it does and how it works” (Campbell et al: 2014, p.52). The structure and the function of a cell generally aren’t one without…

The energy currency for almost all living organisms is a compound called ATP, or adenosine tri-phosphate. This compound is made of up one adenine and three phosphate molecules which link together to form a structure like this: Adenosine Notice that the three bonds within this molecule become increasingly longer the farther away the phosphate is from the adenosine. This is to represent the fact that the bonds weaken as the distance between the adenosine and phosphates increases. This is…

their work. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have the ability to provide cellular energy and they contain their own DNA that encodes some of the own proteins. Organelles that perform photosynthesis in photosynthetic cells of plants and algae are called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts have three major compartments; the first compartment is the space that is in between the two membranes that surrounds the chloroplast. The next compartment is a thick fluid within the chloroplast called the storma. Then…

the presence of light affect the production and consumption of carbon dioxide in plants? The initial energy that lights gives to the chloroplasts ultimately affect the amount of carbon dioxide that is consumed and produced. To start the light dependent stage of photosynthesis, sunlight is needed for the initial energy in which the chlorophyll in the chloroplast harnesses. Water is taken in by the xylem tissues in the roots. The water molecules are split and oxygen is released into the air. The…

(ATP) to other organelles The membranes, which are called thylakoid membranes in a chloroplast are arranged in stacks called granums. Like the mitochondria, chloroplasts also have two membranes protecting the inner parts of the organelles. The inner membrane surrounds the stroma and grana (stacks of…

photosynthesis is using the sun’s light energy to produce food - glucose. However, it’s a much more complex chemical reaction than that description. The process, which takes place in the chloroplast, uses solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Another reaction ongoing in the chloroplast is the Calvin cycle, which is how the plant produces 3-carbon carbohydrates from carbon dioxide molecules using energy sources, ATP and…