Chemical kinetics

The amount of time required for a chemical reaction to come to completion can vary tremendously depending on the reaction (Addison-Wesley, 2002). The speed at which any reaction proceeds can be defined as a reaction rate (J. Laidler, 2015). The rate of reaction can only be obtained experimentally, in order to yield a rate law. By conducting this experiment, it has the potential to harvest useful information regarding the understanding of rates of reaction. Understanding the rate of reactions is…

Experimental Conditions It is important to note that in our lab experiment we used galena, PbS, with 170 – 200 mesh (i.e. there were 170 to 200 wires per inch of sieve used to sort out the galena crystals). This means our diameter range of our particle size was 75-90 μm. Table 1:Experimental Conditions for PbS leaching FeCl3·6H2O (g) to be added is found by: The weight of FeCl3·6H2O (g) added in our experiment was slightly larger than the theoretical amount of FeCl3·6H2O needed, as can be seen…

The hydrolysis of t-BuCl, the reaction of an organic compound with water, can be shown by the chemical equation (CH_3 )_3 CCl+H_2 O→(CH_3 )_3 COH+HCl, where tert-Butyl chloride reacts with water to form 2-chloro-2-methylpropanol and hydrochloric acid (Shakhashiri, 2016). This reaction is called a nucleophilic substitution reaction where two molecules…

of iodine are harmful when taken orally as well as when in contact with the skin. About 1 mg of pure iodine is the maximum amount of iodine that is beneficial towards humans. High concentrations of iodine can cause tissue damage and even result in chemical burns. Taken orally, iodine can be deadly. The reaction called for much more than 1 mg of iodine, so using a low concentration helped ensure safety. Since I2’s concentration will not affect the rate of the reaction, the risk of using a high…

7.59 From the stress–strain data for poly(methyl methacrylate) shown in Figure 7.24, determine the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength at room temperature [20°C (68°F)], and compare these values with those given in Tables 7.1 and 7.2. Solution From Figure 7.24, the elastic modulus is the slope in the elastic linear region of the 20C curve, which is The value range cited in Table 7.1 is 2.24 to 3.24 GPa (325,000 to 470,000 psi). Thus, the plotted value is a little on the…

Question: Does a higher voltage lead to more mass on graphite? INTRODUCTION Hypothesis: Higher voltage leads to more mass amassed on graphite electrode. Electrolysis- the process in which electric current passes through a solution to effect a chemical change. In this case there is copper, copper sulphate and graphite. In a electrolysis there is an electrolyte which is the copper sulphate, the anode which is the graphite. This is the positively charged electrode. Graphite is usually used in…

The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains why gases behave the way they do. It explains how gas particles are in constant motion and create collisions that results in pressure. The theory is split up into four different postulates. Number one explains how gases are made up of tiny particles. To prove that those particles take up space, postulate #2 tells us that the particles collide with each other and those collisions make pressure. Pressure can either expand or shrink a flexible container,…

There are small particles in the air called aerosols. They are found in fog and smoke. These particles become larger in size if two processes occur. The first process is water vapor accumulating onto a particle. The next process is cool, rising air supporting the particle. Once the aerosol particles are large enough, they become cloud droplets that will have a different mechanism of growing. Cloud droplets grow differently because they are larger in size. Instead, they grow by a new process…

Research question Even though Amylase can get denatured at high temperatures, a slight increase in temperature, should increase the rate of amylase reaction. Research title The effect of temperature on amylase activity. Word count-1025 Background research Enzymes are catalysts which speed up reactions in living organisms. Enzymes function by decreasing the activation energy for a reaction. Amylase is an enzyme found in human saliva and catalyses the hydrolysis of starch .Amylase…

In a chemical equation, there are the reactants, which is the part that is changed, and the products, which is what is left over. The reactant side and the product side must have the same quantity of each element. If they do not, the equation must be balanced by using coefficients. Mole ratios can be found by using these coefficients. Mole ratios are conversion factors and can be used to found the amounts of the reactants and the products in a chemical reaction. These can also be used to find…