Butanol

Purpose: The main purpose behind this experiment is to know the how the strength of the intermolecular forces changes with the molecular size and structures. Based on the examination of the evaporation of different liquids and by determining the vapor pressure of different alcohols at a different temperature. Producer: There will be two parts in this experiment to know the strength of the intermolecular forces of different liquids, to conclude the role of the molecular size and structure of…

It is typically assumed that all tequilas are the same 100 % agave drinks although remarkable part of them are actually mixed spirits. There have been a few attempts to study the composition of tequila samples using gas chromatography and headspace solid-phase microextration but these techniques have proved to be too costly for routine analysis. Lachenmeier and colleagues observed that the authentic tequila research required more advanced and affordable method for separating the 100 % agave…

Sharpie permanent markers contain n-propanol (C3H8O) n-butanol (C4H10O), and Diacetone alcohol (C6H12O2). These markers are generally used on hard, non-porous surfaces, because instead of damaging the surface they form a surface layer that can be removed easily by solvents such as acetone (C3H6O), xylene (C8H10), or toluene (C7H8). Acetone (strong chemical used in nail polish remover) is a strong and very effective against permanent markers. It can also remove paint and melt certain surfaces.…

Identifying Unknown Esters Produced by Fischer Esterification Introduction This procedure was performed in order to prepare an ester using an unknown alcohol and unknown acid via Fischer Esterification. Then to identify this unknown ester using gas chromatography. Esters are a derivative of carboxylic acids. In the Fischer approach, an acid is used in order to allow the esterification to occur. Gas chromatography separates compounds by their elution time. Data and Results The compound in the…

I was able to identify all the liquids in our sludge but only about half of our solids mainly because we only started working at a good pace towards the very final days of sludge. We didn’t identify any gases because there wasn’t any in our sludge. We only had three liquids in our sludge. We were able to get at least 10 ML. of liquid A and Liquid B. We had about 6 ML. of liquid C but on day #18, Monday, May 20, all our our liquid C was gone. I’m not exactly sure what happened like if the test…

General Adipic Acid Production Adipic acid has been synthesized in commercial quantities for about 50 years.1 The process to make adipic acid was first created by Dupont in the 1940s.2 In general, the production of adipic acid combines two steps. These two steps include the oxidation of cyclohexane to a mixture cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone followed by the oxidation of this mixture to produce adipic acid (see Figure 1).1 Through the years, many variations on this basic process were discovered…

53 bars with remixing. Continuous oxidation under the flow conditions of components at 1500C, 65 bar and the stay time of 2-7 minutes constitute MEK and acetic acid by 3: 1 mass. This process has a slight economic advantage over the removal of 2-butanol. But the main factor is the availability and price of…

anti-diabetic herbomineral preparation [31].This lead to isolation of active compound swertiamarin from Enicostemma littorale Blume. 1.5.2 Swertiamarin an active lead isolated from Enicostemma littorale Blume The aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fraction were reported to show potent anti-diabetic and lipid lowering effect [32]. Reports [17] suggested that the active compound(s) predicting these effects might be present in these fractions [32] and swertiamarin…

suitably labeled test tubes. The reaction mixture was then made up to 4.0 ml with distilled water and heated at 95°C for 60 min in water bath. After cooling the test tubes under tap water, 1.0 ml of distilled water and 5.0 ml of the mixture of n-butanol and pyridine (15: 1, v/v) was added and shaken vigorously. Centrifuged the test tubes at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes and the absorbance of the upper layer were measured at 532 nm. Standard malondialdehyde was taken as the standard and was processed…

Since the water splitting reaction using semiconductor electrode reported by Fujishima et al. in 1972 [1], there is increasing interest in the development of metal oxide photocatalysts for environmentally friendly applications such as air purification [2], hydrogen production via water splitting [3] and the removal of organic molecules from water [4]. Recently, photocatalyst thin film has aroused growing interests instead of a powder type of photocatalyst. Photocatalyst film can be deposited…