Bulgaria

independent Romanian state in 1866, rebellions had arisen throughout the region all with the goal of establishing sovereign states. These national movements were heavily reliant on historicism. Balkan historicism wished to reunite the Balkans with Europe, a relationship which had been interrupted by the arrival of the Ottomans. The Greek Revolution in 1830 produced the first independent nation-state to be carved out of the Ottoman Empire. However, it was the Serbians who first revolted against the Ottoman dahis, local janissaries who held corrupt power. . Balkan nationalism was primarily republican, but due to repeated intervention by the great European powers, monarchies headed by foreigners were instead put into place in Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, and briefly, Albania. For the time, Balkan nationalism was incredibly secularist. While the Greek Orthodox Church was instrumental in spreading Serbian nationalism, the nationalist leaders often overlooked religion as a guide when dividing into nation groups. That is not to say that the national revolutions were tolerant, as is seen in the mass violence perpetrated on Muslims, but it is likely that the violence was the result of Ottoman resentment more than anything. Instead, language served as the focal point around which nations were formed, and in the case of Croat ideology created a unified Southern Slav identity called Illyrianism. As Balkan nationalism and Ottoman decline were occurring European involvement increased in…

The term Ottoman is a dynastic designation which is extracted from Osman I (Arabic: ʿUthmān), who was the nomadic Turkmen leader who instituted both the dynasty and the empire about 1300. Ottoman empire dates back to 15th and 16th centuries, it was established by Turkish Tribes in Anatolia (Asia Minor). It grew as one of the most influential states in the world. The period of Ottoman remained for 600 years and it ended in 1922, when it was substituted by the Turkish Republic and several other…

Communism, a type of government in Eastern Europe at a time, where everyone was poor, became every citizen’s worst nightmare. Drakulić, Slavenka’s, How We Survived Communism and Even Laughed (1992), describes the struggle of Eastern European citizens, specifically women in the fight to end communism. Slavenka Drakulić was a Croatian journalist who travelled through various countries such as Yugoslavia, Poland, Czechoslovakia East Germany, and Bulgaria, spending time with women and listening to…

aid one another against aggression by an enemy of greater power. Since Germany unified, it gradually become more powerful. Fearing that Germany may try to dominate Europe, Russia and France signed a military alliance in 1892 in the case of a defensive war against Germany. In 1904 Great Britain took similar action with France as they signed the Anglo-French Entente to provide mutual protection against Germany. Since Russia and Great Britain were both allied to France, they formalized defensive…

Flora Sandes was born January 22, 1876 in Nether Poppleton, United Kingdom. Moved around a lot as a child, she was taught by governesses. Throughout her childhood she enjoyed riding and shooting, things that boys usually liked and said that the wished she had been born a boy. When she was older, she took a job as a secretary and in her spare time Sandes trained with the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry Corps. She left the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry Corps (FANY) in 1910 joining another renegade, Mabel…

Introduction Kicevo, Macedonia is located in the Balkan Peninsula and is one of many divisions of what was former Yugoslavia. Neighboring countries include Albania, Greece, Kosovo, Serbia and Bulgaria. This portion of the world has seen great changes in geography and culture for thousands of years. It was once a part of the great Roman and Ottoman empires, experienced occupation by the Axis Powers during World War II and has been a hot bed for changing political ideals and civil wars. In 1993,…

Literary Analysis: Dulce et Decorum est & The Unknown Citizen Verbal irony is something that can be used in our everyday life. Auden’s poem’s title, “The Unknown Citizen” begins with a verbal irony. Owen mocks war in his poem, “Dulce et Decorum Est” by showing how sweet and fitting it is to die for one’s country. Both of the poems use irony to present to the reader the pity of war, how there is nothing heroic about the “unknown citizen” and how the two poets have a similar intention on…

Giannis Antetokounmpo Giannis Antetokounmpo? Who is that? Giannis Antetokounmpo is one of my favorite players in the NBA and is my favorite player from the Milwaukee Bucks. His last name has 13 letters in it! Did you know that Antetokounmpo is Greek? Giannis Antetokounmpo is a Greek basketball player who plays in the NBA for the Milwaukee Bucks. My goal of this paper is to inform you about Giannis Antetokounmpo, how hard his life was in his childhood, his talents, and why he has been “big…

Growing up in a small country called Bulgaria I was always dreaming of the world shown on TV. I was blessed with parents that wanted me to travel and see different places, and the lifestyle people have in small villages and in big cities. The beauty every place has to offer. That, I think, is a great approach to make your kids appreciate what they have and build big dreams and higher goals for their future. For some reason I never felt like I lived at the right place. So I took a chance and…

Environmental Issues and Resulting Diseases Death from environmental issues according to the World Health Organization (2009) in Bulgaria manifests themselves in lung cancers, other cancers, neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and musculoskeletal diseases. The worst manifestation is in musculoskeletal diseases. Bulgaria has one of the highest percentages in the world in this cause of death. The causes of these environmental issues come from water and air pollution created…