Biotic component

According to Arne Nass, deep ecology is a “total field” concept that “views humans as just one constituency among others in the biotic community” (Fox). This sounds very similar to one aspect of the Gaia hypothesis: holism. Yet, there is a distinction between the environmental ethics in regards to the placement of humans in the biosphere. The Gaia hypothesis “contextualizes human…

Identification and characterization of differentially expressed gene(s) in pigeonpea genotypes in response to Helicoverpa armigera infestation Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.)millspaugh] is an important food legume predominantly cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa almost exclusively as a rainfed crop. It is a diploid (2n = 22), often cross-pollinated crop with a genome size of 833.07 Mbp (Varshney et al., 2012). Globally, it is cultivated on an area of 4.92 M ha…

been proven to improve the survival of the Crown of Thorns starfish. In the wet season, flood plumes bring in nutrients to the Great Barrier Reef, which stimulates phytoplankton blooms and provides food for the starfish. Biotic factors, or things influenced by living components, also have an impact on the Crown of Thorns starfish, including human impacts and coral. COTS numbers have increased due to the fishing of predators, and they feed on coral to survive. Discussion In the past,…

The abiotic factors that affect plant growth and development include topography, soil, and climatic factors. They are the nonliving components of the environment which, along with the biotic or living factors, determine the extent in which the genetic factor is expressed in the plant. Topography Topography is a nonliving factor that refers to the “lay of the land.” It includes the physical features of the earth such as the land elevation, slope, terrain (flat, rolling, hilly, etc.), mountain…

Climate change or global warming has been the center of discussion for the past years as it poses detrimental effects on but not limited to the environment and to human activities. As defined by the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), climate change is a change in the state of the climate that can be identified by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer; climate change may be due to…

The public's attention has recently been caught by species introduction and its resultant biotic invasions which are major components of global change. The last few decades have seen substantial advancements in invasion ecology which are succinctly summarised in this book. The deliberate or accidental introduction of organisms into a new ecosystem may cause the onset of a biological invasion. These so-called 'exotic species' may establish, spread and ecologically alter the invaded community.…

A land ethic outlines the ethical relationship between the environment and mankind. There has been great controversy over how much authority mankind has over the land and how they should be taking care of it. In the two books “A Sand County Almanac” written by Aldo Leopold and “Pollution and the Death of Man” written by Francisa Schaeffer, the two authors outline their ideal land ethics and why mankind should care for the land. Leopold focused his rationale on worldly perspectives, on the…

Bacteria within biofilms are basically more safe from anti-microbial providers than planktonic cells. Antimicrobial levels sufficient to inactivate planktonic creatures are generally insufficient to inactivate biofilm creatures. Anti-biotic level of resistance can increase 1000 flip (12). Biofilm development is an essential step helping the pathogenicity of biofilm bacteria which have become more safe from medications as well as to the defense mechanisms (13) . The development of biofilms…

the lead in changing behaviour and adopting sustainable lifestyles” (“Importance of Education for Sustainable Development”). Even though do not retain that knowledge, they learn a small amount of how the world, their home, is suffering and relies on biotic beings to fix the issues. Sharing the information to a few people can pass that to other people and it may spread until it becomes worldwide. One important concept of education is to give the knowledge to a person to be able to incorporate it…

empirical science, we should be able to find and look at everything that cryptozoology encompasses, as well as formulate hypotheses that encourage further investigation into cryptids. The study of zoology, which is in fact scientific, studies primary components such as biology, physiology, anatomy, and evolutionary histories of living animals. Due to the fact that cryptids are not readily available for scientific study, cryptozoology cannot be accepted as empirical science. We are currently…