Biogas

Methane is the final product of Anaerobic Digestion. A mixture of methane and carbon dioxide is called a biogas and it can be used for heating and can be used as a natural gas. Anaerobic treatment systems are divided into “high rate” systems involving biomass retention and “low rate” systems without biomass retention. High rate systems are characterized by a relatively short hydraulic retention time but long sludge retention time and can be used to treat many types of wastewater. Low rate systems are generally used to digest solid wastes and are characterized by a long hydraulic retention time, equal to the sludge retention time. Methane is produced through the process of anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic microbiological decomposition is a process in which micro-organisms need energy so they grow by metabolizing organic material in an oxygen free environment resulting in the production of methane. Anaerobic digestion is a biological process, it’s strongest influences are environmental factors. Things such as Temperature, pH, alkalinity, and toxicity are the main control factors. Anaerobic digestion can occur at temperatures as low as 32 degrees Fahrenheit, but the rate of methane production increases with higher temperature. The first steps of anaerobic digestion can occur at a wide range of pH…

The experiments were carried out in triplicate at initial concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 g-COD L-1. Additionally, to test the inoculum quality, positive controls with 25 g L-1 of cellulose instead of POME samples were also included for observation. When the hydrogen production ceased, the serum bottles were opened and another 150 grams of anaerobic digestion sludge was introduced into the reactors and incubated at 37°C for 45 days in order to evaluate the methane production. The bottles were…

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 What is biogas? Nowadays hydrocarbons are one of the biggest energy bases of our society, but it is not renewable energy, and once they are exhausted they cannot be replenished. (but as it is not a renewable energy once they are exhausted they cannot be replenished) Therefore, scientists from around the world have researched the use of other energy resources to continue moving the world, such as solar and nuclear energy, which are two main areas of research. However, there…

Depends on composition calorific value can vary between 25-49 KJ/Kg. Raw biogas has got comparatively less calorific value and might not seems to be a good option in automobile IC engines, though it can be used for stationary application IC engines installed near the Biogas production plant. It is the large percentage of CO2 in the raw or unpurified biogas that reduces the heating value of the gas, increases the compression and transportation costs. And as the compression and transportation are…

The present work is aimed at the improvement of performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a rice bran biodiesel-biogas run dual fuel diesel engine through adjustment of compression ratio (CR), and injection timing (IT) of pilot fuel. For experimentation, a single cylinder, direct injection, variable compression ratio diesel engine is converted into a dual fuel diesel engine by connecting a venturi gas mixer at the inlet manifold. A set of combinations comprising of CRs of 17, 17.5…

the outside temperature. The average temperature found inside the digester was 34.260C and average outside temperature was found to be 30.450C. The inside temperature was always more than the outside temperature because the microbial degradation of the waste raised the temperature of the digested slurry. Higher temperature generally degrades the waste material faster and hence generates higher biogas yield. The inside temperature was measured by inserting laboratory thermometer through the hole…

Mechanical Biological Treatment: MBT is one of the waste treatment technologies that can be applied for municipal solid waste. The process mainly concentrates on removing partially mixed household waste mechanically and treating biologically. So very little amount of residual waste is useful. In this method the organic waste is stabilized and to recover the waste for fewer purposes. Basic flow chart of a typical MBT Plant. Objectives of MBT:  Reduces the emission of methane from landfill. …

by the Shivanasamudra Hydro project of 4.5MW in the Mysore district of Karnataka and a 3MW plant at Galgoi in Mussoorie in 1902 and 1907 respectively. Both these projects were one of its kind in Asia during that period. Later, in 1914 at Chaba near Shimla a 1.75MW hydro plant was established. Even today, these plants are reported to be still functioning properly. In 1920, the initial research and developmental efforts in biogas technology development was started. Later, during 1930 -1950…

Averagely, the facility serves about 300 people daily and also provided biogas for cooking in a nearby kiosk. A biogas plant was constructed with a capacity of 54 cubic meters which uses anaerobic method to pre-treat the black and grey water from the toilet, wash basins etc. Treated effluent was discharged to an existing public sewer and the accumulated sludge was removed once a year and used as fertilizer. The biogas was piped to a nearby café where it was used for cooking. A water trap chamber…

build a better stove ,that improved the children's health and created better conditions for the people to live in. In order for us to guarantee the future for tomorrow we have create small projects that reduce the carbon emissions.They have a couple of choices to choose from. One of the choices was to reduce nitric acid that is being used for fertilization. By creating a reaction that turns nitric acid to nitrogen and oxygen. I am not sure how this is possible, as per Lawrence, apparently it is…