Artery

1. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing through the body into the arteries. Hypertension is high blood pressure. This is because there is an overwhelming pressure of blood that flows through the artery wall. 2. There are various things that can affect the resting blood pressure due to the fact blood pressure is constantly changing minute by minute in response to mood, activity, body position, etc. Factors that can change or affect your resting blood pressure reading include caffeine…

There are multiple factors that contribute to the build-up of plaque in the vessels and in turn, the development of atherosclerosis (Silverthorn et al., 2009 p327). The disease attacks different arteries in the body, but the most harmful conditions involve damages to the vessels of the brain and the heart (Silverthorn et al., 2009 p329). Understanding of the structures and mechanisms that take place in the heart and the brain to allow for blood distribution is a critical component for anyone…

Introduction Coronary Heart disease is the expression that defines the blocked or interrupted of the heart's blood supply by a build-up of fatty substances in the coronary arteries. Over time, the walls of the arteries are stuffed with fatty deposits, which is called atherosclerosis and the fatty deposits are called atheroma (BBC 2013). Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a major killer in the UK as well as worldwide. It’s the cause of more than 73,000 deaths in the UK. Each year around 1 in 10…

This technique can be used with all strains and for single and repeat samples. Use of the artery is normally used for larger volume samples or for arterial blood, but carries a greater risk of haematoma and bruising (Diehl et al., 2001). Local anaesthetic cream (e.g. EMLA cream) can be applied to the site 30 minutes prior to blood sampling.…

sustained, elevated blood pressure of 140/90 or greater. This condition develops over many years. Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood the heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in the arteries. The more blood the heart pumps, the narrower the arteries become and therefore causes a higher blood pressure. Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to serious complications such as heart attack and stroke. Essential Hypertension and Secondary Hypertension are the two…

5. What are the potential contraindications that can prevent someone from having a cardiac catheterization? What is the contraindication that must be considered in Robert Wilson’s case? Why is this of concern? There are potential contraindications to getting a cardiac catheterization, though the only contraindication is the inability to provide an informed consent. There have been unstable patients how have tolerated this procedure but with high risk patients, the nurse has be cautious of…

smoking, high blood pressure, and diabetes” (“Cardiovascular Disease”). The process of contracting cardiovascular disease from these factors is intricate. “When the plaque ruptures, or breaks open, it forms a blood clot in the coronary artery which completely block the artery. This prevents oxygen-rich blood from being delivered to the heart muscle beyond that blockage and that of the heart begins to die” (“Cardiovascular…

Amlodipine (Norvasc): This drug blocks calcium from entering the muscles in your arteries and in your heart. Calcium helps muscles contract, so by blocking this it helps the muscles of your arteries relax allowing them to open up more. Having more space reduces resistance of blood flow making it easier for the blood to flow. It also relaxes the arteries that go to your heart reducing resistance, increasing the blood flow to your heart. Having less resistance then reduces your blood pressure…

body. Several conditions can hamper the ability of the heart to effectively pump blood. Abnormalities or muscle disease or heart valves can cause failure of the heart to maintain an adequate blood circulation. Coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, or narrowed or clogged arteries can compromise the blood…

Chapter 1 Atherosclerosis Structure of the normal artery: Cell types composing the normal artery: Endothelial Cells: The endothelial cell (EC) of the arterial intima constitutes an important contact surface with blood. It plays an important role in vascular homeostasis. This blood compatibility is due to presences of heparan sulfate proteoglycan molecules on the surface of the EC. These molecules can serve as a cofactor for antithrombin III, which inhibit thrombin. The surface of the EC also…