Adenosine diphosphate

Slide Two- Aerobic Metabolism Metabolism is vital to the body, as it converts proteins, carbohydrates and fats into energy. Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen to function, unlike anaerobic metabolism (Tang, nd). The oxygen breaks down glucose to release energy in the form of ATP, producing carbon dioxide and water as bi-products. The process of aerobic metabolism includes glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain (Pass My Exams, nd). Slide Three- Pyruvate…

Introduction Throughout the day, humans expend energy through a variety of different processes and activities. The body's response to this energy demand is energy intake in the form of different fuel sources which includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and although it is not an optimal fuel source, humans are also capable of using alcohol for energy. After the food is ingested, it is digested through complex processes that breakdown the larger molecules into smaller molecules such as…

Lesson 5: Structures, Functions and Roles of Biological Molecules and Enzyme Activity in Metabolism Biological Molecules/Macromolecules Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis. They manufacture mainly carbohydrates (glucose) as a source of food of many higher organisms in the food chain. It is one of the many biological molecules present in plants and needed by animals. Biological molecules are macromolecules composed of many monomers (polymer) connected through a covalent bond…

Paragraph 1 The quartz type Iron (III) Phosphate (FePO4) evolves with the changing temperature from 294K to 1073K. From this, the polymorphic transformations in iron phosphate as a function of temperature can be observed. From iron phosphate, all the iron and all of the phosphorus are in tetrahedral coordination to oxygen. All of the iron and the phosphate are in tetrahedral coordinates. It also has a very open structure and has a lot of empty spaces. This means that as the temperature changes…

Abstract The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle, is central to the formation of usable energy forms in cells. This essay will give detail on how this is achieved and the cycle’s links to other metabolic pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation. It will also explore how the cycle functions in anabolic and catabolic forms while replenishing used intermediates before examining how the cycle is regulated. Introduction The citric acid cycle being named…

When we exercise, I bodies attempt to supply our bodies with the needed oxygen. Our bodies need this oxygen to move our muscles. Muscles get energy from the chemical energy. This energy is formed in a process called glycolysis that breaks down glucose into a substance called pyruvate. This process depends on the amount of oxygen present in the body. The two forms are aerobic and anaerobic respiration reactions. Under normal circumstances, aerobic respiration is used. This is when the muscles…

pathway. The ATP/CP energy pathway provide anaerobic (requires no oxygen) sources of phosphate-bond energy. Creatine phosphate (CP) is high- energy phosphate molecules that are stored in cells and can be uses to immediately re-synthesize adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the energy source for all human movement. The release of one of its three phosphate molecules provides the energy for human movement. All activities begin with this pathway regardless of the intensity length. This…

After stage one, there are both ATP and ADP molecules produced and after stage three there are two ADP molecules produced, a singular hydrogen atom, and a citrate. After the fifth stage, there are two hydrogen atoms produced but they are lost in the sixth due to oxidisation. Between the stages 7-10, two ATP molecules are formed. During glycolysis, the enzymes catalyse numerous reactions and they are controlled by the concentrations of the ATP, ADP, hydrogen+, and citrate. When it comes to…

Abstract This experiment studies the rate of activity of succinate dehydrogenase protein derived from the mitochondria of cauliflower cells. Succinate dehydrogenase, once active, is known to reduce the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to FADH2. Succinate dehydrogenase and its coenzyme creates an enzyme complex (E-FADH2) which transfers electrons to coenzyme Q during the Krebs cycle. In this experiment, sodium azide will be added to the mitochondrial solution to prevent the transfer of…

PDHPE Assignment PART 1 Creatine What are Creatines? Creatine is a organic acid that occurs in vertebrates and helps to supply energy to cells in the body. This is done by the formation of adenosine triphosphate. Benefits of Creatines Creatine may benefit the performance of athletes in sport. More work is needed to gain mussel and make this drug work. Athletes will need to experiment with creatine to determine whether they respond with this drug. This is best done under the supervision of a…