Adenosine diphosphate

Importance of photosynthesis The sun is the main and ultimate source of energy for the planet we live on. Many forms of solar radiation exist but the most important form of radiation in biology and for photosynthesis are infared rays, ultraviolet rays and light rays. Photosynthesis is the way in which some specialised bateria and green plants use their chlorophyll to trap light energy and then use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose and oxygen. The green colour in plants…

How does light filtration affect the rate of photosynthesis? Introduction: Photosynthesis is an essential process plants use to convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy, released as glucose. Some of the limiting factors of photosynthesis include temperature, amount of light, the concentration of carbon dioxide, availability of water and the concentration of chlorophyll. Fig.1- The word and symbol equations for photosynthesis. The aim of the practical is to model the rate of…

To train the Phosphocreatine energy system effectively, would involve repeated bouts of exercise up to 10-15 seconds of maximum intensity, with roughly two minutes rest between repeated intervals that will allow the system to replenish. The formula for recovery periods is known as the ‘work to rest ratio’. The Phosphocreatine energy system recovery ratio is 1:10/12. As a result, this means that for every second of ‘work’ you need to allow 10 to 12 seconds for recovery. When designing a training…

Phospholipids Phospholipids are a kind of lipid that are well suited to both their biochemical and physiological function. They comprise of a glycerol backbone with a phosphate head and two fatty acid tails. The tails are hydrophobic, meaning that they do not interact with water. When a group of phospholipids come into contact with water they arrange themselves in a bilayer that hides the hydrophobic parts from the aqueous surroundings. This leaves the head of the phospholipid in contact with…

31 - Describe the biochemistry of the Cori cycle and the glucose–alanine cycle. How are they regulated and under what physiological conditions are they activated? The Cori cycle and glucose-alanine cycle are two mechanisms that involve cycling of nutrients between the liver and muscle. Lactate and alanine are two glucogenic molecules that are each converted to pyruvate via a series of enzymatic reactions in the liver to ultimately be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis and transported…

Introduction: Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that allows organisms to convert stored energy in the chemical bonds of glucose, or sugar. Most of the time this process is aerobic, which means oxygen is required to generate energy from the chemical bonds in glucose. Our bodies need energy for all kind of activities. Even when the body is resting, it requires a lower amount of energy (Budhram,2016). However for more demanding activities, more energy is needed. You can determine a…

Every single movement, even the tiniest one, of our body requires energy. Human body constantly undergoes pathways and chemical reactions to maintain life. All reactions belong to metabolism, featuring catabolic reactions: break down of molecules into simple end products, or anabolic reactions: conversions of small precursor molecules into more complex ones. These pathways also feature Gibb’s free energy(∆G), which refers to the energy available for the reaction. If ∆G is positive, that means…

Plants get mass from the air, specifically carbon dioxide. The results from both VonHelmont's experiment and the radish seed experiment support this idea. In VonHelmont’s experiment, the plant gained 164 pounds in 5 years while the soil only lost 2 ounces in weight.These results reveal that a plant does not receive its mass from soil. The roots of the plant absorbed water from the soil in order to photosynthesize causing the soil to lose 2 ounces overtime. In the radish seed experiment, the…

Mitochondria are organelles found in eukaryotes obtained through endosymbiosis with prokaryotes billions of years ago. They are organelles with their own DNA and outer and inner membrane and few organelles, because they lost many of their organelles to the Nuclear DNA of the eukaryotes which resulted them being dependent of the cell they live in This endosymbiosis is very crucial for eukaryotes survival since mitochondria produce the energy needed for the cell to survive through oxidative…

I have been employed by Shaun McDermott, the manager of my local football club Tummery Athletic FC, as a sports therapist. I have been asked to talk to his players about the 3 different energy systems in the body in order to develop his athlete’s knowledge and understanding of anatomy and physiology. I am hoping the talk will give them guidance and enable them to make adjustments to their current regime so that they are able to maximise performance as well as helping them to understand how their…