When the Soviet Union officially dissolved in December, 1991, many Westerners, Soviet dissidents, and Russian citizens believed that the feared Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti (KGB) would be dismantled forever. Russian and Western observers viewed the toppling of the “Iron Felix” Dzerzhinsky statue in August 1991 as the symbolic end of the era of Soviet political police repression. Subsequently, Gorbachev appointed Vadim Bakatin to reform the KGB. But what constituted reform? In December…
the Russian Economy increased their military spendings and their economy went down. The news of defeat was unexpected in Russia. There was social unrest, a hatred shown to the military and economic disruption. The revolution of 1905, which included protests from liberals, socialists, workers, peasants, ethnic minorities and even some soldiers and sailors, forced the Tsar of Russia to grant Russia’s first parliament. The Tsar reluctantly granted an elected legislative assembly during the 1905…
The 1905 Revolution began on January 9th, or “Bloody Sunday” when a group of demonstrating workers with grievances for the Tsar were fired on by troops For Fitzpatrick, the causes of the fall of tsarism were both social and economic. In her understanding the fall of Tsarism was essentially inevitable. She writes, “The regime was so vulnerable to any kind of jolt or setback that it is hard to imagine that it could have survived long, even without the [First World] War.” The faults of the system…
reluctantly took command of an empire overflowing with revolutionaries seeking change in response to hardships. His shy personality, coupled with his lack of political education, made him unfit to handle the war-torn chaos that would soon darken Russian skies. Nicholas’ series of unfortunate, unprepared and uninformed decisions began with his marriage and would ultimately lead to the demise of his imperial family’s three-hundred-year dynastic tradition. The turn of the century illuminated…
and factory workers. If it hadn’t been for the violent repression by the Russian military commander during this specific protest, the conflict might not have escalated into a full rebellion and regime overthrow. This paper aims to argue that Cheoweth’s theory, that the usual backfiring of state violence against peaceful protest is a necessary pre-requisite condition for Ted…
merit and value of this book, as it serves as a reference book to find out information regarding the Romanov family while being able to differentiate the rights and wrongs of the peasants and the Romanovs, and determine for themselves if the Russian Revolution was really…
Historical Condition Russia’s historical origin can be traced back in 600 A.D when Slavs; Indo –European ethnic group dispersed to inhabit majority of Central, Eastern Europe and Southeast Europe. Slavs community who were farmers, fishers and hunters were organized in disintegrated unifications of city states known as Kieven –Rus. In early 1200’s Mongol invaders conquered Kieven-Rus and the Slavs fled into the nearby forest and settled along the Moskova River. The settlement grew into the city…
attempted assassination of Lenin on August 30, 1918. He was shot at three times but only two bullets actually hit him. One in the neck and one in the jaw. The gunman was a Socialist Revolutionary who was then executed for the attempt. The stress of the revolutions and the injuries he sustained provoked his first stroke, which cut off his speaking and affected his movement. When he had his second stroke, he quit everything and moved away. Joseph Stalin was a frequent visitor to help him relearn…
This paper is about Russian Intellectuals. There are a lot of things to talk about on this topic, but to save some time here is a short list of the information. First is what the word intellectuals is and how it was for the people and government of Russia. Second would be about the first Intelligently and how it started, under the Soviet rule and many other things. Third would be about Russia’s Intellectual problem or problems, and fourth is Origins of Russian Intellectual Culture. Fifth and…
landowners. Russian peasants were a completely separate class from the landowners and nobility, many of whom must have considered their underlings less than human. Some people condemn feudalism, stating that it was a corrupt system of labor as it exploited serfs, but without the use of the serfs, the entire economy of Europe would have suffered. Serfs were the foundation of the economic structure because they provided labor and goods to the entire kingdom. Serfdom influenced the Russian way of…