1921

Several terminologies have been used worldwide to describe wildfire or forest fire (e.g. Hardy, 2005; Bento-Gonçalves et al., 2012; Eriksen and Prior, 2013; Mhawej et al., 2015). Generally in the United States, these definitions included prescribed fire - which is a controlled burn ignited by human under a controlled environment and on a limited spatial scale. However, in this chapter, we only focus on uncontrolled fire that occurs in the countryside or wildland. Studies such as Kumagai et al. (2004), Lentile et al. (2006), Shafran (2008), Prato and Fagre (2008) and Pausas et al. (2009) announce that the wildfire is an essential natural process. Others – e.g. Prestemon and Butry (2005), Amatulli et al. (2006), Romero-Calcerrada et al. (2008), Martínez et al. (2009), Lui et al. (2010), Hurst (2015) – acclaim it is a human-induced phenomenon influencing significantly terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric systems throughout the world. Either way, the science behind wildfires has received momentous attention over the past few decades due to the wide range of ecological, economic, social, and political values at stake (Lentile et al., 2006; Mhawej et al., 2015). The study of these fires includes generally a broad spectrum of scientific disciplines, such as forestry, ecology, geology, atmospheric chemistry, mechanical engineering, geography, and economy to name just a few examples (Arroyo et al., 2008). Actually, wildfires’ consequences could be visible at local scale (e.g.…

As stated before, there are counter arguments towards the effectiveness of treatment for psychopaths. One belief as to why treatment does not work for psychopaths is stated by the authors of this study, Harris and Rice (Harris & Rice, 2006). “They believe that the reason for their findings is that psychopaths are fundamentally different from other offenders and that there is nothing ‘wrong’ with them in the manner of a deficit or impairment that therapy can ‘fix’. Instead, they exhibit an…

Conclusion: Overall, the current juvenile system is very much so causing strain and separation between juvenile delinquents and their parents (Gauthier et al., 2004; Taylor & McQuillan, 2014; Whelan, 2003), which is often times connected to high recidivism rates (More Services, 2012; Ryan et al., 2014; Trulson et al., 2005), as well as having an adverse effect on the youth’s potential for familial reunification (Amandoala, 2009; D’andrade & Huong, 2014; Dorsey et al., 2014; Garfinkel, 2010).…

Social impacts are the consequences of change in societies and cultures (Basa, 2007) and Social Impact Assessment (SIA) methods are used to study these consequences. The scope of SIA and the methods used have widened considerably in recent decades (Esteves et al. 2012), with SIA developing concepts and tools to assess the social impacts of development projects on people and their livelihoods (Asselin and Parkins, 2009; Tang et al., 2008; Vanclay, 2003, 2006). In the United States, the National…

Los Angeles heavy metal band, Body Count, found themselves in the middle of censorship disputes with the release of their self-titled album in March 1992. The main issue surrounded Ice-T’s lyrics in the song, “Cop Killer” which was deemed to encourage violence towards police. Calls to Time Warner to discontinue distribution of the track gained in popularity when the song was publically condemned by Vice President Dan Quayle. There were also appeals to boycott all Time Warner media from the…

Firms’ overall business strategies and approaches changes during their expansion process (Penrose, 1959) and the expansion strategies will also depend on their business context. Firms evolve, according to Gammeltoft et al. (2010), through the co-creating of the economic system and in this process, the firms and its strategies change and this change will have a remarkable effect on the domestic economic outcome. As a result of governments respond to the emergence of firms by developing…

I am often struck by how often people throw around the words “I’m sorry” without giving much thought as to what these two small words actually mean. I do not know if you have really thought about the true meaning of them, so I would like to point them out. I’m sorry, means I am sorry; but, are you really? Sorry when we look it up in the dictionary means: wretched, useless, or pitiful. Now, do you want to hook up the phrase I am with that? I personally, feel that I have value and therefore…

It’s astonishing that the World Book Encyclopedia apparently neglected to mention the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 in any of its memorandums; readers won't unearth it under Oklahoma, Tulsa, riots, Greenwood, or Black Wall Street. If you’ve never heard about the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, the tragic truth is that it did happen. The Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 is an unfamiliar and somewhat misconceived event in the history of Oklahoma, as well as inclusive to the United States’ history. The riot is generally…

This class is is titled “Revolutionary Russia, 1900-1921”. The fact that it spans 21 years of history in the title, as do many books written about this age, show just how complex the revolution was. This paper may be focused on the events that acured in February of 1917 but the social and political changes the effected Russia happened over many years. Many say that they are continuing to this day but that is a topic for another paper. The question posed for this paper is, was the autocracy…

In the novel The Age of Innocence by Edith Wharton, sight plays a very important role to the overall development of the book. Wharton uses sight in two different ways: to represent the nativity and ignorance of people as well as to show how the main characters chose to reflect upon their experiences. This novel reflects the innocence of Newland’s character although he doesn’t realise it until the end and how his ignorance has impacted the experience of those around him. In this book, sight and…