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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This cycle/pathway starts with CO2 and ends with Glyceraldehyde Phosphate.
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Calvin-Benson Cycle
The main pathway for the fixation (or reduction and incorporation) of CO2 into organic material by photoautotrophs during photosynthesis; it also is found in chemolithoautotrophs. |
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This pathway starts with Glucose (6 carbon compound), contains Glyceraldehyde 3- phsophate (3c.c.), dihydroxyacetone phosphate (3c.c), and ends with two molecules of pyruvic acid: 2(3c.c.).
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Glycolysis
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Name this pathway: Starts with Acetyl CoA, then citric, isocitric, a-Ketoglutaric, succinyl CoA, sccinic, fumaric, malic, and oxaloacetic.
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Krebs cycle
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Show where glycerol is catabolized and where fatty acids are catabolized.
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Glyceraol is catabolized in the Glycolysis cycle as Dihydroxyacetone.
Fatty acids within the Krebs as Acetyl groups. |
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Where is Glutamic acid catabolized?
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The Krebs cycle at a-Ketogluraric acid. One carbon is used: going from 6c.c. to 5c.c.
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Show how these pathways are related: What is occurring as one pathway enters the next?
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Glyceraldehyde from the Calvin enters Glycolysis then Pyruvic from Glycolysis is decarboxylated to produce Acetyl from the Krebs cycle.
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Where is ATP required in pathways Calvin-Benson and Glycolysis?
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Middle of the Calvin Benson and in between Glucose and glyceraldehyde of Glycolysis.
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Where's CO2 released in Glycolysis and Krebs?
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glycolysis: within the conversion of Pyruvic to Acetyl.
Krebs: on both sides of Ketoglutaric. |
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Where's NADPH,NADH, and FADH2 used/produced?
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Calvin-USES 6 NADPH
Glycolysic produces 2 NADH Intermediate produces 1 NADH Krebs produces 3 NADH Krebs produces 1 FADH2 |
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Show where a long chain of Hydrocarbon such as Petroleum is catabolized.
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Krebs cycle as Acetyl groups.
(petroleum is keyword, think of fatty acids if it helps). |
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Identify 4 places where anabolic and catabolic pathways are integrated?
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Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Acetyl Oxaloacetic acid a-Ketoglutairc acid |
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Where does substrate bind on Enzymes?
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in Active Site where a competitor inhibitor may bind thus inhibiting a substrate.
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Where will a noncompetitive inhibitor bind?
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in a different location on an Enzyme causing the enzyme to alter it's shape just enough to prohibit a substrate from attaching.
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What can be a Feedback or End-product inhibitor?
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a Competitive or noncompetitive may be.
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What happens if substrate is increased?
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The reaction rate is increased thus saturating causing a plateau in Enzyme/substrate complex.
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Define Oxidation-Reduction.
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a coupled reaction which one substance loses electrons and another gains electrons.
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Differentiate aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
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Aerobic: the final electron acceptor is an oxygen molecule.
Anaerobic: the final electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule that is NOT oxygen; NO3, SO4. |
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Differentiate cyclical and noncyclical photophosphorylation.
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Cyclical: electrons are returned to cholorophyll.
Noncyclical: cholorophyll receives electrons from hydrogen atoms. |
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All the energy-producing biochemical reactions that occur in cells such as photophsphorylation and glycolysis are what reactions?
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Oxidation reactions.
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What is the energy and carbon source for photoautotroph?
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photo=light
auto=CO2 |
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What is the energy and carbon source from photoheterotroph?
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photo=light
hetero=chemical compound (inorganic). |
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what the carbon and energy source for chemoautotroph?
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chemo=chemical compound
auto=CO2 |
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What's the energy and carbon source for chemoheterotroph?
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chemo=chemical compound
hetero=chemical compound. People are chemoheterotrophs. |
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Define Chemiosmotic mechanics of ATP generation.
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Protons are pumped from one side of the membrane to the other; transfer of protons back across the membrane generates ATP.
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Does the Calvin-Benson (dark reaction) cycle produce ATP?
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no, it produces 2 NADPh and 2 CO2
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