Microbiology Chapter 14 - Epidemiology And Disease

Front 1

The study of disease is called ___.

Back 1

Pathology

Front 2

The study of the "cause" of disease is called ___.

Back 2

Etiology.

Hint 2

hint=Cause I want to phone home.

Front 3

The "development" of disease is called ____.

Back 3

pathogenesis.

Hint 3

keyword=disease.
development=creation=genesis

Front 4

The colonization in the body by pathogens is called ___.

Back 4

Infection.

Hint 4

hint= if pathogens are within a cut they have colonized the cut therefore the cut has become ___.

Front 5

An abnormal state in which the body is not functioning normal is referred to as a ___.

Back 5

Disease.

Hint 5

Your body is not at ease.

Front 6

Transient microbiota may be present for ___, ___, or ____.

Back 6

days, weeks, or months.

Hint 6

keyword=transient.
Like the transient that just wouldn't leave.

Front 7

Normal microbiota ____ colonize the host.

Back 7

permanently

Hint 7

hint=like a cold sore or shingles.

Front 8

Symbiosis is the relationship between normal ____ and the ____.

Back 8

microbiota and the host.

Hint 8

keyword=symbiosis.
like sharing.

Front 9

In ____, one organism is benefited and the other is unaffected.

Back 9

commensalism.

Hint 9

hint=like marriage. You ___ the marriage.
One benefits that first time!

Front 10

In ____, both organisms benefit.

Back 10

mutualism.

Front 11

In ____, one organism is benefited at the expense of the other.

Back 11

parasitism.

Front 12

There are six locations and entry for normal microbiota. List them.

Back 12

1- nose and throat
2- eyes
3- mouth
4- skin
5- large intestine
6- urinary tract

Hint 12

All the possibilities on the body.

Front 13

Normal microbiota protect the host by three things:

Back 13

1- Occupying niches
2- Producing acids
3- Producing bacteriocins.

Hint 13

hint=O.P.P.

Front 14

These are live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to "exert" a beneficial effect.

Back 14

Probiotics:
yogart, anitbiotics, etc.

Hint 14

hint=gerenetics.
hint=being "for" bionics.
keyword=exert the bionics of the six million dollar man.

Front 15

Why are Koch's postulates still important today?

Back 15

The steps are still used to determining disease.

Front 16

A change in body function that is "felt by a patient" as a result of disease is called.

Back 16

Symptoms

Front 17

A change in the body that can be measured or "observed" as a result of a disease is called.

Back 17

Signs.
Like observing a sign.

Hint 17

A person feels symptoms first hand.
An outside person sees these from a third party view point.

Front 18

A specific group of signs and symptoms that accompany a disease.

Back 18

Syndrome.

Hint 18

S.S.
hint=down
keywords=
signs and symptoms.

Front 19

A disease that occurs occassionally in a population.

Back 19

Sporadic.

Hint 19

keyword=occassionally here and there.

Front 20

A disease that is "constantly present" in a population.

Back 20

Endemic.

Hint 20

hint=not a pandemic or an epidemic.
Like being endemic to an area.

Front 21

A disease acquired by many hosts in a given area in a short time.

Back 21

Epidemic.

Front 22

A worldwide epidemic is a ____.

Back 22

Pandemic.

Front 23

What is the kind of disease that symptoms develope rapidly over a short period of time.

Back 23

Acute disease.

Hint 23

hint=good looking

Front 24

What is the kind of disease that symptoms develope slowly over a long period of time.

Back 24

Chronic disease.

Hint 24

hint=brownchitis for some is ___.

Front 25

A disease obtained yet with a "period of no symptoms" when the patient is inactive.

Back 25

Latent disease.

Hint 25

Like cold sores and shingles.
They have a period of no symptoms.

Front 26

Pathogens that are limited to a small area of the body is called a ___ ___.

Back 26

Local infection.

Hint 26

keyword= small area.
Not long distance.

Front 27

An infection throughout the body is called.

Back 27

Systemic infection.

Front 28

a Systemic infection that began as a local infection.

Back 28

Focal infection.

Hint 28

keyword=you can clearly "see" it is deep within the body.

Front 29

What is bacteremia?

Back 29

Bacteria in the blood.

Front 30

What is septicemia?

Back 30

Growth of bacteria in the blood.

Hint 30

keyword=septic
septic tank Growing in the blood.

Front 31

What is toxemia?

Back 31

Toxins in the blood.

Hint 31

keyword=toxemia
Where is this?

Front 32

What is viremia?

Back 32

Viruses in the blood.

Front 33

What is an acute infection that causes the "initial" illness referred to as?

Back 33

Primary infection.

Hint 33

keyword=Initial

Front 34

What is an opportunistic infection called after/following a "primary" (predisposing) infection.

Back 34

Secondary infection.

Hint 34

keyword=after a primary infection.

Front 35

What is it called when a person shows no noticeable signs or symptoms (inapparent infection).

Back 35

Subclinical disease.

Hint 35

hint= it doesn't appear they're infected but the disease is "present and active".

Front 36

What are some predisposing factors that make the body more susceptible to disease?

Back 36

1-Short urethra in females,
2-inherited traits like sickle cell,
3-climate,
4-fatigue,
5age,
6-lifesyle,
7-chemotherapy.

Front 37

What is a disease that may be transmitted from animals to humans?

Back 37

Zoonoses.
Animal diseases transmitted to humans like rabies or lyme disease.

Front 38

Three ways to transmit disease.

Back 38

1- direct contact
2- indirect contact
3- droplets

Hint 38

hint= D.I.D.

Front 39

The "transmission" of disease by an inanimate object reservior is referred to as a ___.

Back 39

Vehicle.

Hint 39

keyword=transmission=
driving an inanimate object.

Front 40

Arthropods, especially fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes are referred to as ____.

Back 40

Vectors

Hint 40

hint=vehicles

Front 41

Arthropod carries pathogen on it's feet are referred to as ___.

Back 41

mechanical
like a fly's feet.

Front 42

Pathogens reproduced in a vector is referred to as ____.

Back 42

biological
like a mosquito causing malaria.

Front 43

The name given for infections acquired while in the hospital which 5-15% of all hospital patients acquire.

Back 43

Nosocomial.

Front 44

The most frequent of nosocomial infections are ___ ___ infections.

Back 44

Urinary tract infections.

Front 45

34% of nosocomial infections stem from what type of BATERIA??? ___ ____ ____

Back 45

Gram positive cocci.

Hint 45

34% happy roosters eat gram crackers.

Front 46

List seven contributing factors for emerging infectious diseases?

Back 46

1- evolution of new strains
2- incorrect use of antibiotics.
3- Changes weather patterns.
4- Modern transportation.
5- Ecological disacter
6- Animal control measures.
7- Public health failure.

Front 47

What is the study of "where and when" diseases occur: disease detective?

Back 47

Epidemiology.

Hint 47

keyword=where
where is the center of the earthquake?