Recombinant DNA

Insulin was discovered in year 1921 by Banting and Best after a lot of controversy over it, for patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus (DM) [1]. Islets were described by Paul Langerhans, a German medical scientist but couldn’t correlate any function for them. Crystalline Insulin was prepared by John Jacob Abel of Johns Hopkins University in 1926. Later in 1950, Frederick Sanger determined the molecular structure of Insulin for which he was awarded with a Nobel Prize. In today’s era, Genetic…

of the structure of DNA marks a significant landmark in medical history. This has open the doors to a new realm that deepen our understanding of biological systems and promises a future that once was an abstract idea in science fiction novels. A challenge that my generation is facing is answering whether genetic modifications are ethical. Despite the ongoing debates, it is remarkable that this type of science is even possible, partially because of the universality of DNA. DNA is the common…

K. Russell, D. L. Swerdlow and K. Tonat (2001). Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. The Journal of the American Medical Association285: 1059-1070. Bhambhani, A. and C. V. Kumar (2006). Protein/DNA/inorganic materials: DNA binding to layered α-Zirconium phosphate enhances bound protein structure and activity. Advanced Materials18: 939-942. Bhambhani, A. and C. V. Kumar (2008). Enzyme-inorganic nanoporous materials: differential scanning calorimetric…

Crossing certain crops to induce certain traits in offspring is not a new process. In fact, farmers around the world have used conventional breeding practices such as artificial selection to produce higher-yielding crops for centuries. Those practices were not frowned upon, but instead considered necessary if agriculture was to continue to support the world’s growing population. Today, we face a similar problem. The Earth’s population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050, and world…

In agriculture, scientists take a certain DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) trait from an organism and insert it into another to produce the trait such as drought resistance. On the other hand, this technology has some major downfalls since it has not been around for a while. Scientists do not know what…

A. M. (n.d.). Genetically Modified Athletes; Biomedical ethics, gene doping and sport. Retrieved from http://samples.sainsburysebooks.co.uk/9781134425990_sample_535540.pdf This source is a primary source (book) written by a scientist named Andy Miah. This book focused on the bioethics of this current issue and went into details about the applications for the genetically modified athlete. This source is important because it gives the bioethics stance on this issue. it also goes into details…

chromosomal segment, and a change in gene expressions. As a result from GE the introduction of new genes inserted could result in raising the levels of an existing allergen or produce a new and unknown allergen. In addition, it could also transfer the DNA of a dead bacteria into the system ("Genetically Modified Food Is Unsafe."; Smith). A common ingredient found in most infant formulas and other processed food is Soy, a part of the legume family: a dried fruit enclosed in a pod, often contains…

in between to eliminate unwanted errors that occur during that time span. In addition, it focuses on Genetic recombination, a process in which results from the “exchange of genes between paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis” and rearranges DNA sequence to give different expressions and functions of certain genes (Cooper). In addition, it also can occur between related organisms and their chromosomes, which means that the overall arrangement does not get vastly altered (Martineau;Cooper).…

explaining the life cycle both on an embryotic level and from birth to death, but could they have possibly gone too far for society as they discover successful cloning. There are three types of cloning, 1. Recombinant DNA cloning, the joining of DNA from two different organisms in order to create a new DNA sequence for the use of medicine. 2. Therapeutic Cloning, the use of somatic cell nuclear transmission (SCNT), to yield embryos, grown for a couple of days and then exterminated in order to…

Even a food as simple as an apple can be manipulated into something new. Walk down the produce aisle of any supermarket, and there are probably a dozen different varieties of apples, if not more. One such variety is the SweeTango apple. SweeTango apples are a hybrid fruit, not resulting from naturally occurring cross-pollination, but created in a laboratory at the University of Minnesota (Seabrook). The parent plants of a SweeTango are the Honeycrisp and Zestar apples, both of which are…