Genetic code

The genus Brassica is one of 51 genera in the tribe Brassiceae belonging to thecrucifer family, and is the economically most important genus within this tribe,containing 37 different species. Many crop species areincluded in the Brassica genus, which provide edible roots, leaves, stems, buds,flowers and seedCrops.Crops belonging to this genus are occasionally called Cole crops—derived from the Latin caulis, denoting the stem or branch of a plant.[1] Members of Brassica commonly used for food…

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Generalities PCR is a method developed in 1985 by Kary Mullis and to obtain, by coupling a heat-resistant DNA polymerase and without cloning, amplification of a fragment of DNA known. Initially, DNA polymerase was isolated from a bacterium thermophilne (resistant to significant increases in temperature), as Thermus aquaticus (Taq polymerase). Currently, we use recombinant enzymes, whose; elaboration is easier and greater efficiency. The general principle of PCR is…

A case on cancer cell By Shamik D. Majumdar What does cancer cell mean? Normal cells can repair themselves if any part gets damaged . This process is known as DNA repair. If the damage is too bad, they will self slaughter- known as apoptosis. (1) The molecules in cancer cells decide whether a cell should repair itself or not .EX: “a protein called p53 normally checks to see if the genes can be repaired or whether the cell should die”, so basically it…

evolution. Natural selection is a non-random sorting process, however, other mechanisms, such as genetic drift, a random sorting process, can also lead to the evolution of a population. Genetic drift may lead to a change in the frequency of alleles in a population, however the change will be unpredictable. In this experiment, we will be emulating the processes of both natural selection and genetic drift to model the evolution of a population of weevils. The “weevils” in this experiment will…

4. Discussion ZnO NPs are known to be cytotoxic and genotoxic in vitro and in vivo [9; 24-26]. However there is a lack of information where immunomodulatory effects of ZnO NPs are considered. Since, in vitro system cannot mimic the complexity of an in vivo system; hence in vivo is preferred for the toxicological evaluation. In the present study BALB/c mice were chosen as the in vivo model due to their immunocompetence and similarity with human metabolic activity, biochemical and physiological…

fixation, via heat or otherwise, to kill the cell. Then the cell would be stained and mounted to a slide.) b-The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully-enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes. The main function of the cell nucleus is to control gene expression and mediate the replication of DNA during the cell cycle.…

accumulate over times and eventually, the result will be a new organism (Darwin’s Theory of Evolution – A Theory in Crisis. n.d). However, there are many other different theories on evolution such as Mutation, a random change in the genetics of an organism, or Gene flow, when genetic material from one species is carried over to another (Mechanisms: The process of evolution, n.d.). Microorganisms are organisms which are microscopic, meaning they cannot be seen by the naked eye.…

I agree with the theory of evolution because there are many evidence for it. The evidence includes fossil record, species distributions, vertebrate development process and fossil layers and so on. First, fossil is very important for understanding biological evolution. It can tell us how the living creature evolved. Second, it is species distributions. According to theory of continental drift, it found out many similar fossils even in the place oversea. Third is vertebrate development process,…

Siqi Li May 2015 What topics will students address during the beginning of the school year in Buffalo? During the beginning of the school year in Buffalo, students will study two parts of Living Environment in 7 weeks. The main topic is about the introduction to the course includes the cell which is the foundation of the study of all living things. The key idea 1 in curriculum, living things are both similar and different from each other from nonliving things. The enduring understanding is…

Introduction & Biological Background Animal meat has been a primary source of protein for humans since the beginning of time, yet with an increase in technology and biological knowledge – scientists have been able to create meat without the killing of animals. The ‘victimless-meat’ as it is commonly referred to, is in fact in-vitro, meaning that it has been created in a laboratory. In-Vitro meat is cultured from the stem cells of eukaryotes most commonly derived in the blood drawn from an…