Corticosteroid

I chose lupus for my autoimmune disease. “Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs when your body’s immune system attacks your own tissues and organs.” (Mayo Clinic, 2015). Lupus can cause inflammation that can affect the joints, skin, kidneys, blood calls, brain heart and lungs. Symptoms for lupus are fatigue, fever, joint pain, butterfly-shaped rash on face, and shortness of breath and chest pain. People who have lupus may have symptoms for some time that will disappear and may…

potassium). Potassium levels are initially elevated, however with insulin therapy, potassium shifts into cells and causes hypokalemia (ATI BOOK). Certain stressors and drugs can cause DKA include: acute infection, trauma, pancreatitis, stroke, corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, and sympathomimetic. Signs and symptoms of DKA include: thirst, increased urination, high blood glucose and ketones in urine, tiredness, dry or flushed skin, fruity breath odor, confusion, loss of appetite, nausea…

Albuterol is an adrenergic receptor agonist with pharmacological properties and therapeutic indications similar to terbutaline. The mechanism of the anti-asthmatic action of adrenergic receptor agonists is without a doubt linked to the direct relaxation of airway smooth muscle and the bronchodilator. Although human bronchial smooth muscle receives little or no sympathetic stoppage, it contains large numbers of adrenergic receptors. When the adrenergic receptors activate the adenylyl cyclase…

because myostatin is a protein that limits muscle growth, accelerating muscle repair through stem cell transplantation, compensate the lack of dystrophin with another protein named utrophin, the exploration in anti-inflammatory therapies such as corticosteroids, maximizing blood flow to muscle tissue, and prolonging the development of cardiomyopathy (“Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy”, 2016). Moreover, with the research and an increase in the availability of physical, respiratory, and cardiac…

Asthma is a complicated disease that affects all age groups and is marked by acute and chronic exacerbations. As one of the most complex respiratory diseases, asthma is associated with a high mortality rate. The purpose of this paper is to explore the pathophysiology of acute and chronic asthma across the lifespan, medications used for treatment and the impact on disease and the use of stepwise approach to treatment can be used to educate patients in various healthcare settings. As airways…

Contrast materials, otherwise known as contrast agents or contrast media, are used to get better pictures of the internal part of the body produced by x-rays, CT, MRI, and ultrasound. Frequently, contrast materials permit the radiologist to differentiate normal from abnormal disorders/illnesses. Contrast agents are not tints that forever discolor internal organs. They are substances that for a short period of time change the way x-rays or other imaging devices act together with the body. When…

(Chung 2014, Zein et al 2015, WHO asthma fact sheet 2011). Severe asthma, as defined by the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) clinical practice guidelines, is asthma requiring treatment with high dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and a second controller during the prior year, and/or oral steroids for at least half of the prior year to prevent symptoms from…

The treatment for this disease is probably exhausting for anybody to go through but is worth fixing or helping with it also. The treatment for small or non-severe attacks are a high dose of corticosteroids. Most prescribed is methylprednisolone. There is another treatment for severe attacks. First there is removing blood and separating the blood cells form the plasma. After that the blood cells are mixed with a replacement solution and returned…

be set at 0.5 W/cm2 since we are doing a small area. Phonophoresis is the use of ultrasound to enhance the delivery of corticosteroids. Iontophoresis is a method of delivering medication into tissue by using the force of electrical current. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid frequently used with iontophoresis and phonophoresis that reduce inflammation. This specific corticosteroid has a negative charge, and when placed on a negatively charged electrode, the electrical force pushes the medication…

The differential diagnoses include COPD (emphysema, cor pulmonale,) and possible stage I hypertension. 4. My diagnosis for Mason is pulmonary emphysema, which is an obstructive disease characterized by the enlargement of airways beyond the terminal bronchioles with destruction of alveolar walls resulting in loss of elastic recoil and airflow limitation. Cigarette smoking is the main cause of pulmonary emphysema with signs and symptoms, including dyspnea on exertion, cough with scant mucus,…