Cardiac dysrhythmia

interventricular septum.1 Walls of heart are composed of cardiac myocytes, these cells contain myofilaments, each unit is composed of contractile protein called actin and myosin.3 There are also regulatory proteins such as troponin which binds to actin filament, preventing the myosin head from binding to actin, is found within the myocytes.3 Each myofilament is surrounded by sarcoplasmic reticulum which stores calcium and adjacent cardiac myocyte are joined in an end to end…

5p- 1200w The most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), mainly in young people. It is characterized by thickening in the left ventricle (LV) wall not related to load condition such as aortic stenosis or systemic hypertension (Bing, Knott et al. 2000). It is estimated that approximately one in 500-1000 population. HCM is a complex genetic inherited cardiovascular disease caused by dominate mutation in coding of cardiac sarcomere proteins gene (Maron, Maron…

are predominate for cardiac metabolic energy production meaning that these two substrates are the main energy providers when it comes to a healthy functioning heart. When a heart is healthy these two substrates are well balanced and are utilized to the fullest, but when this balance is thrown off it results in different cardiac diseases. These chronic cardiac diseases usually have one or the other substrate being utilized more. If glucose is utilized more it can lead to cardiac hypertrophy or…

Levers are needed within the body so that any small forces can be used to help the bigger forces which are needed. The muscle and bones come together to make a lever, this helps to turn a pivot joint also known as mechanic advantage. There are 4 areas of a lever such as the bone on our bones turn to lever arms, the joints turn to pivots, the muscles stimulate effort to move the force or load and the body parts give muscles strength to move what needs lifted. 1st class levers are very uncommon…

This muscle group is used in almost everything a person does. It is a huge and important part of all of the functions of a human. It can be strengthened in many different ways depending on which part, if any, you would like to focus on. The Abdominal muscles do a lot for the body to keep it functioning. They assist in breathing and protecting the important organs within the body. They assist in bodily functions such as urinating, childbirth, singing, vomiting and much more. They also assist in…

tissue: Cardiac and skeletal muscle Cardiac and skeletal muscles have very few similarities and many differences. Firstly cardiac muscles location is found in the heart and the skeletal muscle location is found all over the body in every single bone present in humans. The similarities of cardiac and skeletal to start with is that they are both striated muscle structured, but cardiac is lightly striated and skeletal is heavily striated. Now to describe the differences, initially cardiac muscles…

What is the all-or-nothing principle, and how does it work? In order to fully understand the all-or-nothing principle, one must first know what an action potential is and its relevance to the all-or-nothing principle. Therefore, an action potential is a very short wave of positive electrical charge that travels down an axon. In connection to the all-or-nothing principle, it is important to know that the action potential obeys the all-or-nothing principle. The all-or-nothing principle states that…

metabolism. The tests that were run by the researchers showed that the stem cells that were encapsulated in the gel lasted longer while multiplying in number. These cells repair the tissue much more efficiently and marked higher growth production of cardiac…

Muscle contraction is a process leading to the shortening and or development of tension in muscle tissue. Tension is developed in muscle tissue when muscles contract. That tension may or may not lead to movement. To contract means to shorten; however, this is not always the case in a muscle contraction. The tension may cause muscle to remain the same, elongate, or condense. When muscles decrease in length (e.x. lifting weights) it is called a concentric contraction. When muscles increase in…

Bradyarrhythmias - occurs when the heart rate is slower than normal (lower than 60 bpm) . if the heartrate is too slow not enough blood reaches the brain (this can cause you to pass out). Bradyarrhythmias is due to the flawed cardiac conduction system (group of cardiac muscle cells in the walls of the heart that send signals to the heart causing it to contract) at the level of the atrium or atrioventricular. A heartbeat that is too fast is called tachycardia. A heartbeat that is too slow is…