B. F. Skinner

Background and Review of Related Literature Theory Studies have found that behavior problems effecting academic outcomes are universal. Problem behaviors can be defined by Strain, Wilson, and Dunlap (2011) as behaviors that interfere and disrupt instruction. Disruptive behaviors such as aggression and noncompliance are common problems that interfere with desirable behaviors. Compliance in the classroom is essential for students to benefit socially, behaviorally, and academically. According…

Progressive Muscle Relaxation Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) was first introduced by Dr. Edmund Jacobson in 1908 at Harvard University. However, it wasn’t until Jacobson published his book “Progressive Muscle Relaxation” in 1929 when Jacobson listed the step by steps directions involved to achieving relaxation. The idea of PMR came to Jacobson when he was conducting research on patients suffering from anxiety at the Harvard University. Jacobson once said, “An anxious mind cannot exist in…

behaviors and ultimately their development. Radical behaviorist, B.F. Skinner thought that, “If a behavior is reinforced, it is strengthened: the probability increases that that type of behavior will be repeated in similar circumstances in the future” (Nye, 2000, p. 56). On the other hand, if there is a lack of reinforcement then individual’s may not learn how to adhere to social norms or develop self-control. Unlike Freud, Skinner did not emphasize the importance of inner drives and feelings.…

Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which a person modifies their behavior through positive and negative consequences, or as a result of positive and negative reinforcement. Unlike classical conditioning where behaviors are reflexive and involuntary, operant conditioning is a voluntary behavior. In 1905, Edward L. Thorndike conducted an experiment where he placed a hungry cat inside a “puzzle box”, and a food dish on the outside. The cat upon pressing a lever could free itself from…

I have chosen to use Donald Schon’s (1983) model of reflective practice to reflect on my behaviour management skills. I feel this was the most suitable model as it allowed me to reflect-on-action. REFERENCE I have worked in the reception class at a local school for the past three years; each academic year the number of pupils has increased and this has influenced the frequency of unwanted behaviour. The current class contains children of mixed ability, English as an additional language (EAL)…

Opening Skinners Box In the world of Phycology and science B.F Skinner is very well known, as he is America’s neo-behaviorist a very well-known phycologist most famous for the Box he had invented. To many it’s a very astonishing box that has changed the way many phycologist view people and are able to learn more it’s opened a door to new studies and their way of thinking. To others it’s a simple infamous box. There are many perspectives and myths of B.F Skinner many that are untrue he was…

introduced the low of effect by absorbing the behavior of animals trying to escape from puzzle box. B.F. Skinner who is often regarded to as the father of operant conditioning is another major behaviorist who took Thorndike’s low and add to it. Skinner research on the principle of istimilate response behavior was first preformed on animals, which was known as “Skinner box.” Through this experiment Skinner found that the consequences for the animals played a large role in their response…

Thorndike vs Skinner Fact: This student enjoys taking pictures, more specific, taking pictures of plants, flowers, animals, insects and other similar natural subjects, the opportunity to go out when the opportunity presents itself and just take pictures is something this student looks forward to doing. It is relaxing, even though it can be psychically tiring from time to time; it is also always mentally relaxing. The process of taking pictures for this student is more than just a hobby, it is…

Knowledge is power. That phrase has always resonated soundly within me, and even remained pertinent to subjects I didn’t enjoy; I have never been a fan of psychology, perhaps due to the feelings of scrutiny I undergo when in classes whose goal is to delve into the human mind (my own brain is a private matter, personally), but I still hold an appreciation for any chance to expand my knowledge. I’ve held this opinion towards information for as long as I can remember, as for some reason learning…

Civility in America- Teaching Appropriate Behavior to Students Introduction Poor behavior of students not only affects their learning, but it affects the learning ability of other students in the classroom. Everyone should learn the appropriate way to behave in different social situations and environments. In order to understand what appropriate behavior is expected, we need to understand what behaviorism is. Behaviorism is a school of psychology that states that in order to understand human…